Chapter 14: Problem 14

Explain these statements: (a) All streams have a gradient, but not all streams are graded. (b) Graded streams may have ungraded segments.

Short Answer

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The gradient in streams is the slope, which all streams inherently have due to gravity. On the other hand, being 'graded' refers to a state of equilibrium in erosion and deposition. Not all streams reach this equilibrium hence not all streams are graded. Even within a graded stream, there may be sections or segments that are temporarily out of equilibrium, hence are 'ungraded'.

Step by step solution

Understanding The Stream Gradient

The gradient of a stream is the rate at which it loses elevation along its course. This loss determines the stream's velocity. Therefore, all streams have a gradient because it is an inherent attribute of any flow of water due to gravity's downward pull.

Understanding Graded Streams

A graded stream is a stream that has reached an equilibrium between sediment erosion and deposition. This does not necessarily concern each stream because reaching this equilibrium state depends on various factors, like the volume of water, slope, amount of sediment, etc. Hence, not all streams are graded.

Graded Streams with Ungraded Segments

A graded stream, while overall in equilibrium, may contain segments where this equilibrium is temporarily disturbed. These disturbances can be due to sudden changes in the slope, varying sediment load, human interventions, and other factors. That's why if we examine closely, there can be ungraded segments within a graded stream.

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Explain these statements: (a) All streams have a gradient, but not all streams are graded. (b) Graded streams may have ungraded segments.

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Understanding The Stream Gradient

Understanding Graded Streams

Graded Streams with Ungraded Segments

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