Chapter 11: Q6CQQ (page 533)

Questions 6–10 refer to the sample data in the following table, which describes the fate of the passengers and crew aboard the Titanic when it sank on April 15, 1912. Assume that the data are a sample from a large population and we want to use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that surviving is independent of whether the person is a man, woman, boy, or girl.

Men
Women
Boys
Girls
Survived
332
318
29
27
Died
1360
104
35
18
Identify the null and alternative hypotheses corresponding to the stated claim.

Expert verified

The null hypothesis for this test is as follows:

The survival of the passenger is independent of whether he/she is a man, woman, boy or girl.

The alternative hypothesis for this test is as follows:

The survival of the passenger is not independent of whether he/she is a man, woman, boy or girl.

Step by step solution

A contingency table is constructed that shows the number of passengers who survived/died according to whether they were male, female, boy or girl.

It is required to test the claim that the survival of the passenger does is independent of whether the person is a man, woman, boy or girl.

The null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis is as follows:

\({H_0}:\)The survival of the passenger is independent of whether he/she is a man, woman, boy or girl.

\({H_1}:\)The survival of the passenger is not independent of whether he/she is a man, woman, boy or girl.

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Day	Sun.	Mon.	Tues.	Wed.	Thurs.	Fri.	Sat.
Frequency	5304	4002	4082	4010	4268	5068	5985

Leading Digits	Benford's Law: Distributuon of leading digits
1	30.10%
2	17.60%
3	12.50%
4	9.70%
5	7.90%
6	6.70%
7	5.80%
8	5.10%
9	4.60%