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Chapter 8: Q.122 (page 390)

Dating Artifacts. In the paper "Reassessment of TL Age Estimates of Burnt Flint from the Paleolithic Site of Tabun Cave, Israel" (Joumal of Human Evolution, Vol. 45, Issue 5, Pp. 401-409),N. Mercier and H. Valladas discussed the re-dating of artifacts and human remains found at Tabun Cave by using new methodological improvements. A random sample of 18 excavated picces yielded the following new thermoluminescence (TL) ages, in thousands of years.

195243215282361222
237266244251282290
276248357301224191

Short Answer

Expert verified

The graphical representations we find that there is no outlier in the data and the variable under consideration is approximately normally distributed since the normal probability plot is roughly linear. Hence, it is reasonable to use t-interval procedure on the given data.

Step by step solution

01

Given Information

Using Minitab we obtain probability plot, box plot, Histogram and stem-and-leaf plot of the data

02

Tabulation

Stem-and-Leaf Display: AGE

Leaf Unit=10

Stem Leaf

2199
321
62223
(4)24445
8267
62889
330
23
235
136
03

Step : Explanation

Here the sample size n=18 is moderate. From the graphical representations we find that there is no outlier in the data and the variable under consideration is approximately normally distributed since the normal probability plot is roughly linear. Hence, it is reasonable to use t-interval procedure on the given data.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The Ericsson method is one of several methods claimed to increase the likelihood of a baby girl. In a clinical trial, results could be analysed with a formal hypothesis test with the alternative hypothesis of p>0.5, which corresponds to the claim that the method increases the likelihood of having a girl, so that the proportion of girls is greater than 0.5. If you have an interest in establishing the success of the method, which of the following P-values would you prefer: 0.999, 0.5, 0.95, 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001? Why?

Testing Hypotheses. In Exercises 13–24, assume that a simple random sample has been selected and test the given claim. Unless specified by your instructor, use either the P-value method or the critical value method for testing hypotheses. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses, test statistic, P-value (or range of P-values), or critical value(s), and state the final conclusion that addresses the original claim.

How Many English Words? A simple random sample of 10 pages from Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary is obtained. The numbers of words defined on those pages are found, with these results: n = 10, x = 53.3 words, s = 15.7 words. Given that this dictionary has 1459 pages with defined words, the claim that there are more than 70,000 defined words is equivalent to the claim that the mean number of words per page is greater than 48.0 words. Assume a normally distributed population. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the mean number of words per page is greater than 48.0 words. What does the result suggest about the claim that there are more than 70,000 defined words?

Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises 9–32, test the given claim. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, or critical value(s), then state the conclusion about the null hypothesis, as well as the final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method unless your instructor specifies otherwise. Use the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution, as described in Part 1 of this section.

Super Bowl Wins Through the sample of the first 49 Super Bowls, 28 of them were won by teams in the National Football Conference (NFC). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the probability of an NFC team Super Bowl win is greater than one-half.

Test Statistics. In Exercises 13–16, refer to the exercise identified and find the value of the test statistic. (Refer to Table 8-2 on page 362 to select the correct expression for evaluating the test statistic.)

16. Exercise 8 “Pulse Rates”

Type I and Type II Errors. In Exercises 29–32, provide statements that identify the type I error and the type II error that correspond to the given claim. (Although conclusions are usually expressed in verbal form, the answers here can be expressed with statements that include symbolic expressions such as p = 0.1.).

The proportion of people with blue eyes is equal to 0.35.
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