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Chapter 8: Q2CQQ (page 356)
Tails Determine whether the given claim involves a hypothesis test that is left-tailed, two-tailed, or right-tailed.
a. p ≠ 0.5
b.\(\mu \)< 98.6°F
c.\(\sigma \)> 15 cm
a.Two-tailed test
b.Left-tailed test
c.Right-tailed test
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Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises 9–32, test the given claim. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, or critical value(s), then state the conclusion about the null hypothesis, as well as the final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method unless your instructor specifies otherwise. Use the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution, as described in Part 1 of this section.
Store Checkout-Scanner Accuracy In a study of store checkout-scanners, 1234 items were checked for pricing accuracy; 20 checked items were found to be overcharges, and 1214 checked items were not overcharges (based on data from “UPC Scanner Pricing Systems: Are They Accurate?” by Goodstein, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 58). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that with scanners, 1% of sales are overcharges. (Before scanners were used, the overcharge rate was estimated to be about 1%.) Based on these results, do scanners appear to help consumers avoid overcharges?
Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises 9–32, test the given claim. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, or critical value(s), then state the conclusion about the null hypothesis, as well as the final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method unless your instructor specifies otherwise. Use the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution, as described in Part 1 of this section.
Medication Usage In a survey of 3005 adults aged 57 through 85 years, it was found that 87.1% of them used at least one prescription medication (based on data from “Use of Prescription Over-the-Counter Medications and Dietary SupplementsAmong Older Adultsin the United States,” by Qato et al., Journal of the American Medical Association,Vol. 300,No. 24). Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that more than 3/4 of adults use at least one prescription medication. Does the rate of prescription use among adults appear to be high?
Identifying and . In Exercises 5–8, do the following:
a. Express the original claim in symbolic form.
b. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses.
Pulse Rates Claim: The standard deviation of pulse rates of adult males is more than 11 bpm. For the random sample of 153 adult males in Data Set 1 “Body Data” in Appendix B, the pulse rates have a standard deviation of 11.3 bpm.
Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises 9–32, test the given claim. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, or critical value(s), then state the conclusion about the null hypothesis, as well as the final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method unless your instructor specifies otherwise. Use the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution, as described in Part 1 of this section.
Survey Return Rate In a study of cell phone use and brain hemispheric dominance, an Internet survey was e-mailed to 5000 subjects randomly selected from an online group involved with ears. 717 surveys were returned. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the return rate is less than 15%.
Testing Hypotheses. In Exercises 13–24, assume that a simple random sample has been selected and test the given claim. Unless specified by your instructor, use either the P-value method or the critical value method for testing hypotheses. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses, test statistic, P-value (or range of P-values), or critical value(s), and state the final conclusion that addresses the original claim.
Speed Dating Data Set 18 “Speed Dating” in Appendix B includes “attractive” ratings of male dates made by the female dates. The summary statistics are n = 199, x = 6.19, s = 1.99. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the population mean of such ratings is less than 7.00.
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