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Chapter 1: Q10BSC (page 1)
Determine whether the sampling method appears to be sound or is flawed.
Clinical Trials. Researchers at Yale University conduct a wide variety of clinical trials by using subjects who volunteer after reading advertisements soliciting paid volunteers.
The sampling method is flawed.
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Determine whether the data are from discrete data or continuous data set.
The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety collects data consisting of the numbers of motor vehicle fatalities caused by driving while texting.
Correlation. One study showed that for a recent period of 11 years, there was a strong correlation (or association) between the numbers of people who drowned in swimming pools and the amounts of power generated by nuclear power plants (based on data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Department of Energy). Does this imply that increasing power from nuclear power plants is the cause of more deaths in swimming pools? Why or why not?
What’s Wrong? In Exercises 25–28, identify what is wrong.
Motorcycles and Sour Cream: In recent years, there has been a strong correlation between the per capita consumption of sour cream and the number of motorcycle riders killed in non-collision accidents. Therefore, consumption of sour cream causes motorcycle fatalities.
In Exercises 17–20, refer to the sample of body temperatures (degrees Fahrenheit) in the table below. (The body temperatures are from a data set in Appendix B.)
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
| 8 AM | 97 | 98.5 | 97.6 | 97.7 | 98.7 |
| 12 AM | 97.6 | 97.8 | 98 | 98.4 | 98.4 |
Conclusion Given the body temperatures in the table, what issue can be addressed by conducting a statistical analysis of the data.
In Exercises 29–36, answer the given questions, which are related to percentages.
Workplace Attire In a survey conducted by Opinion Research Corporation, 1000 adults were asked to identify “what is inappropriate in the workplace.” Of the 1000 subjects, 70% said that miniskirts were not appropriate in the workplace.
a. What is 70% of 1000?
b. Among the 1000 respondents, 550 said that shorts are unacceptable in the workplace. What percentage of respondents said that shorts are unacceptable in the workplace?
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