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Chapter 1: Q4CQQ (page 1)
Birth Weights Are the birth weights described in Exercise 3 quantitative data or categorical data?
Quantitative data
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Determine whether the given source has the potential to create a bias in a statistical study.
Brain Size. A data set in Appendix B includes brain volumes from 10 pairs of monozygotic (identical) twins. The data were collected by researchers at Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital, Dartmouth College, and the University of California at Davis.
Statistical Significance and Practical Significance. In Exercises 13–16, determine whether the results appear to have statistical significance, and also determine whether the results appear to have practical significance.
MCAT The Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT) is commonly used as part of the decision-making process for determining which students to accept into medical schools. To test the effectiveness of the Siena MCAT preparation course, 16 students take the MCAT test, then they complete the preparatory course, and then they retake the MCAT test, with the result that the average (mean) score for this group rises from 25 to 30. There is a 0.3% chance of getting those results by chance. Does the course appear to be effective?
Online Medical Info. USA Today posted this question on its website: “How often do you seek medical information online?” Of 1072 Internet users who chose to respond, 38% of them responded with “frequently.” What term is used to describe this type of survey in which the people surveyed consist of those who decided to respond? What is wrong with this type of sampling method?
In Exercises 29–36, answer the given questions, which are related to percentages.
Workplace Attire In a survey conducted by Opinion Research Corporation, 1000 adults were asked to identify “what is inappropriate in the workplace.” Of the 1000 subjects, 70% said that miniskirts were not appropriate in the workplace.
a. What is 70% of 1000?
b. Among the 1000 respondents, 550 said that shorts are unacceptable in the workplace. What percentage of respondents said that shorts are unacceptable in the workplace?
In Exercises 29–36, answer the given questions, which are related to percentages.
Percentages in Advertising A New York Times editorial criticized a chart caption that described a dental rinse as one that “reduces plaque on teeth by over 300%.” What is wrong with this statement?
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