Drug dealer motivation is traditionally attributed to greed or social pressures. Researchers R. Highland and D. Dabney explore possible personality characteristics as a motivation in the article "Using Adlerian Theory to Shed Light on Drug Dealer Motivations" (Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice, Vol. 5, Issue 2, pp. 109-138). The following table lists the types of drug sold from a sample of convicted drug dealers.

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) The relative frequency distribution

(b) Pie chart

(c) Bar chart

Step by step solution

01

Part (a): Step 1: Given information

Given in the question that, Drug dealer motivation is traditionally attributed to greed or social pressures. Researchers R. Highland and D. Dabney explore possible personality characteristics as a motivation in the article "Using Adlerian Theory to Shed Light on Drug Dealer Motivations" (Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice, Vol. 5, Issue 2, pp. 109-138). The following table lists the types of drug sold from a sample of convicted drug dealers.

We need to obtain a relative -frequency Distribution.

02

Part(a) Step 2: Explanation

The relative frequency table is:

Drug sold

Frequency Relative
frequency

Marijuana

73
0.3230

Crack cocaine

62
0.2743

Powder cocaine

45
0.1991

Ecstasy

20
0.0885

Methamphetamine

17
0.0752

Heroin

5
0.0221

Other

4
0.0177

Total

226
1.0000

The general formula for the relative frequency is,

Relative Frequency=FrequencyTotal frequency

Substituting"73"as the class level drug sold frequency and "226"as the total number of class level drug sold frequency in relative frequency.

Relative Frequency of sold drug marijuana =73226

=0.3230

03

Part (a) Step 3: The relative frequency 

Similarly, the relative frequency for the remaining faculty rankings are as follows:

Drug sold

Frequency Relative
frequency
Marijuana73
0.3230

Crack cocaine

62
0.2743

Powder cocaine

45
0.1991

Ecstasy

20
0.0885

Methamphetamine

17
0.0752

Heroin

5
0.0221

Other

4
0.0177

Total

226
1.0000
04

Part(b) Step 1: Given information

Given in the question that, Drug dealer motivation is traditionally attributed to greed or social pressures. Researchers R. Highland and D. Dabney explore possible personality characteristics as a motivation in the article "Using Adlerian Theory to Shed Light on Drug Dealer Motivations" (Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice, Vol. 5, Issue 2 , pp. 109-138). The following table lists the types of drug sold from a sample of convicted drug dealers.

We need to draw a pie chart.

05

Part (b) Step 2: Explanation

Output using MINITAB software is given below:

When the relative frequency is multiplied by the degree360, the pie slice for each type for the robbery is obtained.

Determining the pie chart slice size for sold drug marijuana:

pie slice for sold drug marijuana =0.3230×360

=116.28

Similarly, the pie slices for the remaining types of sold drugs are obtained below:

Drug sold

Pie slice sizes

Marijuana

116.28

Crack cocaine

98.76

Powder cocaine

71.68

Ecstasy

31.86

Methamphetamine

27.08

Heroin

7.96
Other6.37

Proportion is calculated by the product of relative frequency of each class with 100.

Proportion for sold drug marijuana =relative frequency ×100

=0.3230×100
=32.3

06

Part (b) Step 2: Proportion for the remaining sold drugs 

Similarly, the proportion for the remaining sold drugs are obtained below:

Drug sold

Relative frequencypercent

Marijuana

0.323032.3

Crack cocaine

0.274327.4

Powder cocaine

0.199119.9

Ecstasy

0.08858.8

Methamphetamine

0.07527.5

Heroin

0.02212.2

Other

0.01771.8

Software procedure:

Step by step procedure to draw the pie chart using MINITAB software.

  • Choose Graph > Pie Chart.
  • Enter the columns of drug sold in Categorical variables.
  • In Summary variables, enter the corresponding column.
  • Click OK.
07

Part (c) Step 1: Given information

Given in the question that, Drug dealer motivation is traditionally attributed to greed or social pressures. Researchers R. Highland and D. Dabney explore possible personality characteristics as a motivation in the article "Using Adlerian Theory to Shed Light on Drug Dealer Motivations" (Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice, Vol. 5, Issue 2, pp. 109-138). The following table lists the types of drug sold from a sample of convicted drug dealers.

We need to construct a bar chart.

08

Part (c) Step 2: Explanation

  • Output using MINITAB software is given below:

Software procedure:

Step by step procedure to draw the bar chart using MINITAB software.

  • From Bars represent, choose Values from a table.
  • Under One column of values, choose Simple. Click OK.
  • Choose Simple, and then click OK.
  • In Graph variables, enter the column of drug sold.
  • In Categorical variables, enter the column of percent.
  • Click OK.

Thus, the bar chart is constructed for the location of the cities.

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