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Chapter 1: Q 1.96. (page 30)

In Exercises 1.92-1.97, we present descriptions of designed experiments. In each case, identify the

(a) experimental units

(b) response variable

(c) factor (s)

(d) levels of each factor:-

(e) treatments.

Sexual Signals. In a study by A. Elliot et al . , titled " Women's Use of Red Clothing as a Sexual Signal in Intersexual Interaction " (Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 49, Issue 3, pp. 599-602), women were studied to determine the effect of apparel color choice based on perceived attractiveness and gender of a new acquaintance. The following experiment is based on the researchers' investigation. Women are randomly assigned to be told that they would be conversing with an attractive male, an unattractive male, an attractive female, or an unattractive female. The women must wear a standardized shirt before the conversation but can choose between red, green, and blue.

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) experimental units:- Women that are studied.

(b) response variable:- Color of shirts.

(c) factor (s):- Perceived attractiveness and gender.

(d) levels of each factor:- for Perceived attractiveness are attractive and unattractive.

For gender are male and female.

(e) treatments:- four

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1. Given information.

The given statement is:

In a study by A. Elliot et al . , titled " Women's Use of Red Clothing as a Sexual Signal in Intersexual Interaction ", women were studied to determine the effect of apparel color choice based on perceived attractiveness and gender of a new acquaintance. The following experiment is based on the researchers' investigation. Women are randomly assigned to be told that they would be conversing with an attractive male, an unattractive male, an attractive female, or an unattractive female. The women must wear a standardized shirt before the conversation but can choose between red, green, and blue.

02

Part (a) Step 2. Identify the experimental units.

Taking into consideration the given designed experiment, the Experimental units are the women that are being studied to determine the effect of apparel color choice based on the perceived attractiveness and gender of a new acquaintance.

03

Part (b) Step 1. Identify the response variable.

The response variable, of the given designed experiment, is the color of shirt chosen by the women before the conversation.

04

Part (c) Step 1. Identify the factor.

Here, the factors include:

Perceived attractiveness and gender.

Because the women are randomly assigned to be told that they would be conversing with an attractive male, an unattractive male, an attractive female, or an unattractive female.

05

Part (d) Step 1. Identify the levels of each factor.

The two levels of perceived attractiveness are:

  1. attractive
  2. unattractive

The two levels of gender are:

  1. Male
  2. Female
06

Part (e) Step 1. Identify the treatments.

It includes the four different possible ways of two levels of perceived attractiveness and two levels of gender.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Ballistic Fingerprinting. In an on-line press release, ABCNews.com reported that "...73 percent of Americans... favor a law that would require every gun sold in the United States to be test-fired first, so law enforcement would have its fingerprint in case it were ever used in a crime."

(a). Do you think that the statement in the press release is inferential or descriptive? Can you be sure?

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In a designed experiment, there are two factors, say, Factor Aand Factor B. Factor Ahas three levels, say, a1,a2anda3; Factor Bhas four levels, say,b1,b2,b3andb4.

(a) Construct a schematic for the treatments similar to Table 1.8 on page 27.

(b) Use part ( a ) to determine the number of treatments.

(c) Could you have determined the answer for part ( b ) without constructing the schematic in part ( a )? Explain your answer.

In Exercises 1.92-1.97, we present descriptions of designed experiments. In each case, identify the

(a) experimental units

(b) response variable

(c) factor (s)

(d) levels of each factor:-

(e) treatments.

Highway Signs. A driver's ability to detect highway signs is an important consideration in highway safety. In his dissertation, High way Construction Safety and the Aging Driver, S. Younes investigated the distance at which drivers can first detect highway caution signs. This distance is called the detection distance. Younes analyzed the effect that sign size and sign material have on detection distance. Drivers were randomly assigned to one combination of sign size ( small, medium, and large ), and sign material ( 1, 2, and 3 ). Each driver covered the same stretch of highway at a constant speed during the same time of day, and the detection distance, in feet, was determined for the driver's assigned caution sign.
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