In Problems 1–7, convert the given initial value problem into an initial value problem for a system in normal form.

x''+y-x'=2t;x(3)=5,x'(3)=2,y''-x+y=-1;y(3)=1,y'(3)=-1

[hint]x1=x,x2=x',x3=y,x4=y'

Short Answer

Expert verified

x'1(t)=x2(t)x'2(t)=x2(t)-x3(t)+2tx'3(t)=x4(t)x'4(t)=x1(t)-x3(t)-1x1(3)=5,x2(3)=2,x3(3)=1,x4(3)=-1

Step by step solution

01

Express the equation in form of x

Here givenx''+y-x'=2t and y''-x+y=-1.

Rewrite the equationsx''=x'-y+2t andy''=x-y-1

Denote,

x1(t)=x(t)x2(t)=x'(t)x3(t)=y(t)x4(t)=y'(t)

The equation transforms as;

x'1(t)=x2(t)x'2(t)=x2(t)-x3(t)+2tx'3(t)=x4(t)x'4(t)=x1(t)-x3(t)-1

02

the initial conditions

The given initial conditions are x(3)=5,x'(3)=2and y(3)=1,y'(3)=-1.

Initial conditions after transformations x1(3)=5,x2(3)=2,x3(3)=1,x4(3)=-1

This is the required result.

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