The economic return to earning an MBA. Refer to the International Economic Review (August 2008) study on the economic rewards to obtaining an MBA degree, Exercise 1.27 (p. 51). Job status information was collected for a sample of 3,244 individuals who sat for the GMAT in each of four time periods (waves). Summary information (number of individuals) for Wave 1 (at the time of taking the GMAT) and Wave 4 (7 years later) is provided in the accompanying table. Use a graph to compare and contrast the job status distributions of GMAT takers in Wave 1 and Wave 4.

Job Status

Wave 1

Wave 4

Working, No MBA

2,657

1,787

Working, Have MBA

0

1,372

Not Working, Business School

0

7

Not Working, Other
Graduate School

36

78

Not Working, 4-Year
Institution

551

0

Total

3,244

3,244

Short Answer

Expert verified

Job-status distribution refers to the job statuses of every aspirant taken into consideration. In this context, different statuses have been taken into consideration. A total of 5 combinations are taken into consideration to find out how many individuals fall in which category.

Step by step solution

01

Explaining Job-status distribution

Job-status distribution refers to the job statuses of every aspirant taken into consideration. In this context, different statuses have been taken into consideration. A total of 5 combinations are taken into consideration to find out how many individuals fall in which category.

02

Describing the bar graph

In the bar graph, the blue bars represent the values of Wave 1, and the pink bars represent the values of Wave 4. In the case of Wave 1, the number of individuals working without an MBA and not working while studying in an institution is more than that of in Wave 4.From here, it can be envisaged that during the time of Wave 1, the individuals were mainly focussing on studies, but during Wave 4, more individuals are observed to be maintaining an income source.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Top credit card issuers, by region. The Nilson Report (December 2015) published a list of the top 150 credit card issuers worldwide. The issuers (e.g., American Express, MasterCard, Visa) were ranked based on outstanding debt during the year. The table gives a breakdown of the regions in the world served by the top 150 credit card issuers.

Worldwide Region

Number of credit
card issuers



Asia-Pacific

48


Canada

10


Europe

34


Latin America

29


Middle East/Africa

3


United States

26


Total

150


a. One of the top 150 credit card issuers is selected at random, and the region it serves is determined. What type of data (quantitative or qualitative) is measured?

b. For each region in the table, calculate the percentage of the 150 top credit card issuers that fall into that region.

c. Use the percentages, part b, to construct a relative frequency bar graph for the data summarized in the table.

d. Based on the bar graph, make a statement about the regions that most of the top 150 credit card users serve.

Best-paid CEOs.Refer to Glassdoor Economic Research firm’s 2015 ranking of the 40 best-paid CEOs in Table 2.1 (p. 65). Recall that data were collected on a CEO’s current salary, age, and the ratio of salary to a typical worker’s pay at the firm.

a.Create a scatterplot to relate a CEO’s ratio of salary to worker pay to the CEO’s age. Comment on the strength of the association between these two variables.

b.Conduct an outlier analysis of the ratio variable. Identify the highly suspect outlier in the data.

c.Remove the highly suspect outlier from the data and recreate the scatterplot of part a. What do you observe?

Defects in new automobiles.Consider the following data from the automobile industry. All cars produced on a particular day were inspected for defects. The 145 defects found were categorized by type as shown in the accompanying table.

Defect Type

Number

Accessories

Body

Electrical

Engine

Transmission

50

70

10

5

10

a.Construct a Pareto diagram for the data. Use the graph to identify the most frequently observed type of defect.

b.All 70 car body defects were further classified as to type. The frequencies are provided in the following table. Form a Pareto diagram for the type of body defect. (Adding this graph to the original Pareto diagram of part a is called exploding the Pareto diagram.) Interpret the result. What type of body defect should be targeted for special attention?

Body Defect

Number

Chrome

Dents

Paint

Upholstery

Windshield

2

25

30

10

3

Performance of stock screeners.Investment companies provide their clients with automated tools—called stock screeners—to help them select a portfolio of stocks to invest in. The American Association of Individual Investors (AAII) provides statistics on stock screeners at its Website, www.aaii.com. The next table lists the annualized percentage return on investment (as compared to the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index) for 13 randomly selected stock screeners. (Note:A negative annualized return reflects a stock portfolio that performed worse than the S&P 500.)

(9.0, -.1, -1.6, 14.6, 16.0, 7.7, 19.9, 9.8, 3.2, 24.8, 17.6, 10.7, 9.1)

a.Compute the mean for the data set. Interpret its value.

b.Compute the median for the data set. Interpret its value.

Crude oil biodegradation.Refer to the Journal of Petroleum Geology (April 2010) study of the environmental factors associated with biodegradation in crude oil reservoirs, Exercise 2.29 (p. 85). Recall that amount of dioxide (milligrams/liter) and presence/absence of crude oil were determined for each of 16 water specimens collected from a mine reservoir. The data are repeated in the accompanying table.

Dioxide Amount

Crude Oil Present

3.3

No

0.5

Yes

1.3

Yes

0.4

Yes

0.1

No

4.0

No

0.3

No

0.2

Yes

2.4

No

2.4

No

1.4

No

0.5

Yes

0.2

Yes

4.0

No

4.0

No

4.0

No

a.Find the mean dioxide level of the 16 water specimens. Interpret this value.

b.Find the median dioxide level of the 16 water specimens. Interpret this value.

c.Find the mode of the 16 dioxide levels. Interpret this value.

d.Find the median dioxide level of the 10 water specimens with no crude oil present.

e.Find the median dioxide level of the 6 water specimens with crude oil present.

f.Compare the results, parts d and e. Make a statement about the association between dioxide level and presence/absence of crude oil.

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