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Chapter 2: Q38. (page 94)

Parking at a university has become a problem. The university’s administrators are interested in determining the average time it takes a student to find a parking spot. An administrator inconspicuously followed 190 students and recorded how long it took each of them to find a parking spot. The durations had a distribution that was skewed to the left. Based on this information, discuss the relationship between the mean and the median for the 190 times collected.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Mean< Median

Step by step solution

01

Explaining the skewness toward left

The skewness shows the asymmetry and how distorted a variable is from the normal distribution. The variable could be skewed to the left or right.

02

Determining the relationship between mean and median

The researchers used observations to record the time it took for students to obtain the parking spot, and their findings indicate that the distribution was skewed toward the left. The relationship between mean and median is that the mean is lower than the median in this case as the distribution is skewed to the left.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Crash tests on new cars.The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) crash-tests new car models to determine how well they protect the driver and front-seat passenger in a head-on collision. The NHTSA has developed a “star” scoring system for the frontal crash test, with results ranging from one star (*) to five stars (*****). The more stars in the rating, the better the level of crash protection in a head-on collision. The NHTSA crashtest results for 98 cars (in a recent model year) are stored in the accompanying data file.

a. The driver-side star ratings for the 98 cars are summarized in the Minitab printout shown below. Use the information in the printout to form a pie chart. Interpret the graph.

Tally for Discrete Variables: DRIVSTAR

DRIVSTAR

Count

Percent

2

3

4

5

N =

4

17

59

18

98

4.08

17.35

60.20

18.37


b. One quantitative variable recorded by the NHTSA is the driver’s severity of head injury (measured on a scale from 0 to 1,500). The mean and standard deviation for the 98 driver head-injury ratings are displayed in the Minitab printout below. Give a practical interpretation of the mean.
Descriptive Statistics: DRIVHEAD

Variable

N

Mean

StDev

Minimum

Q1

Median

Q3

Maximum

DRIVHEAD

98

603.7

185.4

216.0

475.0

605.0

724.3

1240.0

C. Use the mean and standard deviation to make a statement about where most of the head-injury ratings fall.

d..Find the z-score for a driver head-injury rating of 408. Interpret the result.

For each of the following data sets, compute xbar, s2, and s. If appropriate, specify the units in which your answers are expressed.

a.4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 7

b.- \(1, \)4, - \(3, \)0, - \(3, - \)6

c.3/5 %, 4/5 %, 2/5 %, 1/5 %, 1/16 %

d.Calculate the range of each data set in parts a–c.

STEM experiences for girls. The National Science Foundation (NSF) sponsored a study on girls’ participation in informal science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM) programs. The results of the study were published in Cascading Influences: Long-Term Impacts of Informal STEM Experiences for Girls (March 2013). The researchers sampled 174 young women who recently participated in a STEM program. They used a pie chart to describe the geographic location (urban, suburban, or rural) of the STEM programs attended. Of the 174 STEM participants, 107 were in urban areas, 57 in suburban areas, and 10 in rural areas.

a. Determine the proportion of STEM participants from urban areas.

b. Determine the proportion of STEM participants from suburban areas.

c. Determine the proportion of STEM participants from rural areas.

d. Multiply each proportion in parts a—c by 360 to determine the pie slice size (in degrees) for each location.

e. Use the results, part d, to construct a pie chart for the geographic location of STEM participants.

f. Interpret the pie slice for urban areas.

g. Convert the pie chart into a bar graph. Which, in your opinion, is more informative?

A qualitative variable is measured for 20 companies randomly sampled and the data are classified into three classes, small (S), medium (M), and large (L), based on the number of employees in each company. The data (observed class for each company) are listed below. ______________________________________ SSL M SM M S M S L M S SSS M L S L ----------------------------------------------------------------

a. Compute the frequency for each of the three classes.

b. Compute the relative frequency for each of the three classes.

c. Display the results, part a, in a frequency bar graph.

d. Display the results, part b, in a pie chart.

Construct a relative frequency histogram for the data summarized in the accompanying table.
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