Hotels’ use of ecolabels.Ecolabels such as Energy Star, Green Key, and Audubon Internationalare used by hotels to advertise their energy-saving and conservation policies. The Journal of Vacation Marketing(January 2016) published a study to investigate how familiar travelers are with these ecolabels and whether travelers believe they are credible. A sample of 392 adult travelers were administered a questionnaire. One question showed a list of 6 different eco-labels, and asked, “How familiar are you with this ecolabel, on a scale of 1 (not familiar at all) to 5 (very familiar).” Summarized results for the numerical responses are given in the table.

a.Give a practical interpretation of the mean response for Energy Star.

b.Give a practical interpretation of the median response for Energy Star.

c.Give a practical interpretation of the response mode for Energy Star.

d.Based on these summary statistics, which ecolabel appears to be most familiar to travelers?

Ecolabel

Mean

Median

Mode

Energy Star

4.44

5

5

TripAdvisor

3.57

4

4

Green Leaders Audubon

2.41

2

1

International U.S Green

2.28

2

1

Building Council Green Business

2.25

2

1

Green Key

2.01

1

1

Short Answer

Expert verified

a) On average, people have voted that they are very familiar with Energy Star

b) Half the travelers have voted 5 or less than 5, and half have voted 5(very familiar) for Energy Star

c) The most common response for Energy Star is 5, i.e., very familiar

d) Energy Star

Step by step solution

01

Interpreting the mean response for Energy Star

Mean response is the average of the responses recorded for 392 adult travelers. As the mean for Energy Star is 4.44, it can be interpreted that most of the 392 travelers have voted that they are familiar with Energy Star.

02

Explaining the median response for Energy Star

The Median response is the response that lies in the middle of the data set.As the median response for Energy Star is 5, we can say that 192 travelers have voted 5 or less than 5, and the rest 192 have voted 5 (because the scale ends at 5).

03

Analyzing the mode for Energy Star

Mode is the value in the data set which is repeated maximum times. Here the mode is 5; hence, the maximum numbers of travelers are very familiar with Energy Star as they have chosen 5 as their rating.

04

Finding the most familiar Eco label

The most familiar Eco label is Energy Star because many travelers have chosen a very familiar rating for Energy Star. We know this because the mode value is 5 and 5 represents very familiar. The mode value for all other ecolabels is either 4 or 1 which is less familiar.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Active nuclear power plants.Refer to Exercise 2.54 (p. 98) and the Nuclear Energy Institute’s data on the number of nuclear power plants operating in each of 30 states.

a.Find the range, variance, and standard deviation of this data set.

b.Eliminate the largest value from the data set and repeat part a.What effect does dropping this measurement have on the measures of variation found in part a?

c.Eliminate the smallest and largest value from the data set and repeat part a. What effect does dropping both of these measurements have on the measures of variation found in part a?

State

Status

Number of Power Plants

Alabama

Regulated

2

Arizona

Regulated

1

Arkansas

Regulated

1

California

Regulated

1

Connecticut

Deregulated

1

Florida

Regulated

3

Georgia

Regulated

2

Illinois

Deregulated

6

Iowa

Deregulated

1

Kansas

Regulated

1

Louisiana

Regulated

2

Maryland

Deregulated

1

Massachusetts

Deregulated

1

Michigan

Deregulated

3

Minnesota

Regulated

2

Mississippi

Regulated

1

Missouri

Regulated

1

Nebraska

Regulated

2

New Hampshire

Deregulated

1

New Jersey

Deregulated

3

New York

Deregulated

4

North Carolina

Regulated

3

Ohio

Deregulated

2

Pennsylvania

Deregulated

5

South Carolina

Regulated

4

Tennessee

Regulated

2

Texas

Deregulated

2

Virginia

Regulated

2

Washington

Regulated

1

Wisconsin

Deregulated

1

Nuclear power plants.According to the Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI), 62 nuclear power plants were operating in the United States in 2015. The table at top of the next column lists the 30 states that operate nuclear power

plants, the number of plants in each state, and whether the state has passed legislation supporting nuclear energy expansion (regulated) or not (deregulated).

a.Find the mean, median, and mode of the number of power plants per state. Interpret these values.

b.Repeat part afor the regulated states only.

c.Repeat part afor the deregulated states only.

d.Compare the results, parts band c.What inference can you make about the impact that state regulation has on the number of nuclear power plants?

e.Eliminate the state with the largest number of power plants from the data set and repeat part a.What effect does dropping this measurement have on the measures of central tendency found in part a?

f.Arrange the 30 values in the table from lowest to highest. Next, eliminate the lowest two values and the highest two values from the data set and find the mean of the remaining data values. The result is called a 10% trimmed meanbecause it is calculated after removing the highest 10% and the lowest 10% of the data values. What advantages does a trimmed mean have over the regular arithmetic mean?

State

Status

Number of Power Plants

Alabama

Regulated

2

Arizona

Regulated

1

Arkansas

Regulated

1

California

Regulated

1

Connecticut

Deregulated

1

Florida

Regulated

3

Georgia

Regulated

2

Illinois

Deregulated

6

Iowa

Deregulated

1

Kansas

Regulated

1

Louisiana

Regulated

2

Maryland

Deregulated

1

Massachusetts

Deregulated

1

Michigan

Deregulated

3

Minnesota

Regulated

2

Mississippi

Regulated

1

Missouri

Regulated

1

Nebraska

Regulated

2

New Hampshire

Deregulated

1

New Jersey

Deregulated

3

New York

Deregulated

4

North Carolina

Regulated

3

Ohio

Deregulated

2

Pennsylvania

Deregulated

5

South Carolina

Regulated

4

Tennessee

Regulated

2

Texas

Deregulated

2

Virginia

Regulated

2

Washington

Regulated

1

Wisconsin

Deregulated

1

Consider the following three measurements: 0, 4, and 12. Find the z-score for each measurement if they are from a population with the following mean and standard deviation equal to

a.µ = 2 and σ = 1

b.µ = 4 and σ = 2

c.µ = 8 and σ = 2

d.µ = 8 and σ = 8

Performance ratings of government agencies.The U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) requires government agencies to produce annual performance and accounting reports (PARS) each year. A research team at George Mason University evaluated the quality of the PARS for 24 government agencies (The Public Manager, summer 2008). Evaluation scores ranged from 12 (lowest) to 60 (highest). The PARS evaluation scores for two consecutive years are shown in the next table.

a.Construct a scatterplot for the data. Do you detect atrend in the data?

b.Based on the graph, identify one or two agencies that hadgreater than expected PARS evaluation scores for year 2.

Explain why we generally prefer the standard deviation to the range as a measure of variability for quantitative data.

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