Performance-based logistics.Refer to the Journal of Business Logistics(Vol. 36, 2015) study of the factors thatlead to successful performance-based logistics (PBL) projects, Exercise 1.15 (p. 49). Recall that the opinions of a sampleof 17 Department of Defense employees and suppliers weresolicited during interviews. Demographics (current position,organization type, experience) were recorded for each intervieweeand the data are listed in the table below.

a.Find and interpret the mean years of experience for the 17 interviewees.

b.Find and interpret the median years of experience for the 17 interviewees.

c.Find and interpret the mode of the 17 years of experience values.

Interviewee

Position

Organization

Experience(years)

1

Vice president

Commercial

30

2

Postproduction

Government

15

3

Analyst

Commercial

10

4

Senior manager (mgr.)

Government

30

5

Support chief

Government

30

6

Specialist

Government

25

7

Senior analyst

Commercial

9

8

Division chief

Government

6

9

Item mgr.

Government

3

10

Senior mgr.

Government

20

11

MRO mgr.

Government

25

12

Logistics mgr.

Government

30

13

MRO mgr.

Commercial

10

14

MRO mgr.

Commercial

5

15

MRO mgr.

Commercial

10

16

Specialist

Government

20

17

Chief

Government

25

Short Answer

Expert verified

a) Mean = 17.82 years

b) Median = 20 years

c) Mode = 30 years

Step by step solution

01

Calculating and Interpreting the Mean

Mean=SumofexpirienceyearsofallemployeesNoofemployeesMean=30+15+10+30+30+25+9+6+3+20+25+30+10+5+10+20+2517=30317=17.82

Therefore, the average years of experience of the interviewed employees were 17.82 years.

02

Computing and Analyzing the Median

Arranging the years of experience of all employees in ascending order we get,

(3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 10, 10, 15, 20, 20, 25, 25, 25, 30, 30, 30, 30)

Therefore, 20 is the median years of experience of the employees.

This means the experience of half the employees is 20 years or less, and the experience of the other half of employees is more than 20 years.

03

Estimating and Comprehending the Mode

30 is repeated maximum times in the data set. Therefore, 30 years of experience is the modeand itis the most common attribute in the group.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Calculate the mean for samples where

a.n=10,x=25b.n=16,x=400c.n=45,x=35d.n=18,x=242

Improving SAT scores.The National Education Longitudinal Survey (NELS) tracks a nationally representative sample of U.S. students from eighth grade through high school and college. Research published in Chance (Winter 2001) examined the Standardized Assessment Test (SAT) scores of 265 NELS students who paid a private tutor to help them improve their scores. The table summarizes the changes in both the SAT–Mathematics and SAT–Verbal scores for these students.

SAT–Math

SAT–Verbal

Mean change in score

19

7

Standard deviation of score changes

65

49

a.Suppose one of the 265 students who paid a private tutor is selected at random. Give an interval that is likely to contain this student’s change in the SAT–Math score.

b.Repeat part afor the SAT–Verbal score.

c.Suppose the selected student increased his score on one of the SAT tests by 140 points. Which test, the SAT– Math or SAT–Verbal, is the one most likely to have the 140-point increase? Explain.

Question: In business, do nice guys really finish last?Do “nice guys finish last” in the competitive corporate world? In a study published in Nature(March 20, 2008), college students repeatedly played a version of the game “prisoner’s dilemma,” where competitors choose cooperation, defection, or costly punishment. (Cooperation meant paying 1 unit for the opponent to receive 2 units; defection meant gaining 1 unit at a cost of 1 unit for the opponent, and punishment meant paying 1 unit for the opponent to lose 4 units.) At the conclusion of the games, the researchers recorded the average payoff and the number of times punishment was used against each player. A graph of the data

is shown in the accompanying scatterplot. Does it appear that average payoff is associated with punishment use? The researchers concluded that “winners don’t punish.” Do you agree? Explain.

Is honey a cough remedy?Refer to the Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine(Dec. 2007) studyof honey as a remedy for coughing, Exercise 2.31 (p. 86). Recall that the 105 ill children in the sample wererandomly divided into three groups: those who receiveda dosage of over-the-counter cough medicine (DM),those who received a dosage of honey (H), and thosewho received no dosage (control group). The coughingimprovement scores (as determined by the children’sparents) for the patients are reproduced in the nexttable.

Honey Dosage

12, 11, 15, 11, 10, 13, 10, 4 ,15, 16, 9, 14, 10, 6, 10, 8, 11, 12, 12, 8, 12, 9, 11, 15, 10, 15, 9, 13, 8, 12, 10, 8, 9, 5, 12

DM Dosage

4, 6, 9, 4, 7, 7, 7, 9, 12 ,10, 11, 6, 3, 4, 9, 12, 7, 6, 8, 12, 12, 4, 12, 13, 7, 10

No Dosage
(Control)

13, 9, 4, 4, 10, 15, 9, 5, 8, 6, 1, 0, 8, 12, 8, 7, 7, 1, 6, 7, 7, 12, 7, 9, 7, 9, 5, 11, 9, 5, 6, 8, 8, 6, 7, 10, 9, 4, 8, 7, 3, 1, 4, 3

a) Find the median improvement score for the honey dosage group.

b) Find the median improvement score for the DM dosage group.

c) Find the median improvement score for the control group.

d) Based on the results, parts a–c, what conclusions can pediatric researchers draw? (We show how to support these conclusions with a measure of reliability in subsequent chapters.)

The economic return to earning an MBA. Refer to the International Economic Review (August 2008) study on the economic rewards to obtaining an MBA degree, Exercise 1.27 (p. 51). Job status information was collected for a sample of 3,244 individuals who sat for the GMAT in each of four time periods (waves). Summary information (number of individuals) for Wave 1 (at the time of taking the GMAT) and Wave 4 (7 years later) is provided in the accompanying table. Use a graph to compare and contrast the job status distributions of GMAT takers in Wave 1 and Wave 4.

Job Status

Wave 1

Wave 4

Working, No MBA

2,657

1,787

Working, Have MBA

0

1,372

Not Working, Business School

0

7

Not Working, Other
Graduate School

36

78

Not Working, 4-Year
Institution

551

0

Total

3,244

3,244

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