Elephants sometimes damage trees in Africa. It turns out that elephants dislike bees. They recognize beehives in areas where they are common and avoid them. Can this be used to keep elephants away from trees? A group in Kenya placed active beehives in some trees and empty beehives in others. Will elephant damage be less in trees with hives? Will even empty hives keep elephants away? Researchers want to design an experiment to answer these questions using $72$ acacia trees.

(a) Identify the experimental units, treatments, and the response variable.

(b) Describe how the researchers could carry out a completely randomized design for this experiment. Include a description of how the treatments should be assigned.

Elephants some of the time harm trees in Africa. It turns out that elephants loathe honey bees.

Individuals are purposely subjected to a treatment in order to measure their responses in an experiment.

The random assignment method assigns subjects to treatments based on chance. Before the treatments are applied, random assignment establishes treatment groups that are comparable (except for chance variance). In experiments, randomization and comparison combined prevent bias or systematic favoritism.

A lurking variable is one that is not included in the study's explanatory or response variables but has the potential to influence the response variable.

Elephants in Africa may cause tree damage. Elephants, it turns out, despise honey bees. They regard hives as usual and try to avoid them. In Kenya, a group of people planted dynamic bee sanctuaries in certain trees and vacuous bee sanctuaries in others. Is elephant harm caused by fewer trees with hives? Using $72$ acacia trees, experts will plan an investigation to answer these questions.

The experimental units are included in the original population for whom the researcher is gathering data. The experimental units are $72$ acacia trees picked at random.

Subjects are subjected to treatments in order to obtain their opinions as part of an experiment. The treatments are vacant, no beehive, and active site.

A response variable is one that is used to determine the outcome. This is the entire amount of damage produced by elephants.

There are $3$ treatments and $72$ acacia trees, respectively. As a result, each treatment should be given to $24$ trees.

The following steps must be followed:

1. Each tree should be given a number between $01$ and $72$

2. You must choose a row.

3. Select the numerals' first two digits.

4. Continue until all $24$ trees have received treatment.

5. Repeat steps $2$ and $3$ for treatments $2$ and $3$