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Chapter 5: Q 75. (page 330)
Rolling dice Suppose you roll two fair, six-sided dice—one red and one green. Are the events “sum is ” and “green die shows a ” independent? Justify
your answer.
Yes, independent.
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Find and Which of these conditional probabilities tells you whether this college’s EPS students tend to earn lower grades than students in liberal arts and social sciences? Explain.
Free throws A basketball player has probability of making a free throw. Explain how you would use each chance device to simulate one free throw by the player.
(a) A six-sided die
(b) Table D of random digits
(c) A standard deck of playing cards
Who eats breakfast? The two-way table describes the 595 students who responded to a school survey about eating breakfast. Suppose we select a student at random. Consider events B: eats breakfast regularly, and : is male.
(a) Find Explain what this value means.
(b) Find Explain what this value means.
Cold weather coming to A TV weather man, predicting a colder-than-normal winter, said, “First, in looking at the past few winters, there has been a lack of
really cold weather. Even though we are not supposed to use the law of averages, we are due.” Do you think that “due by the law of averages” makes sense in talking about the weather? Why or why not?
Liar, liar! Sometimes police use a lie detector (also known as a polygraph) to help determine whether a suspect is telling the truth. A lie detector test isn’t foolproof—sometimes it suggests that a person is lying when they’re actually telling the truth (a “false positive”). Other times, the test says that the suspect is being truthful when the person is actually lying (a “false negative”). For one brand of polygraph machine, the probability of a false positive is .
(a) Interpret this probability as a long-run relative frequency.
(b) Which is a more serious error in this case: a false positive or a false negative? Justify your answer.
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