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Chapter 10: Q. AP3.25 (page 704)
Suppose the null and alternative hypothesis for a significance test are defined as
H0: μ=H0 : μ=
Ha: μ<Ha : μ<
Which of the following specific values for Ha will give the highest power? a. μ=
b. μ=
c. μ=
d. μ=
e. μ=
The correct option is - (a)will give the highest power .
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A random sample of size n will be selected from a population, and the proportion p^ of those in the sample who have a Facebook page will be calculated. How would the margin of error for a confidence interval be affected if the sample size were increased from and the sample proportion of people who have a Facebook page is unchanged?
a. It remains the same.
b. It is multiplied by .
c. It is multiplied by .
d. It is divided by .
e. It is divided by .
“I can’t get through my day without coffee” is a common statement from many college students. They assume that the benefits of coffee include staying awake during lectures and remaining more alert during exams and tests. Students in a statistics class designed an experiment to measure memory retention with and without drinking a cup of coffee 1 hour before a test. This experiment took place on two different days in the same week (Monday and Wednesday). Ten students were used. Each student received no coffee or one cup of coffee 1 hour before the test on a particular day. The test consisted of a series of words flashed on a screen, after which the student had to write down as many of the words as possible. On the other day, each student received a different amount of coffee (none or one cup).
a. One of the researchers suggested that all the subjects in the experiment drink no coffee before Monday’s test and one cup of coffee before Wednesday’s test. Explain to the researcher why this is a bad idea and suggest a better method of deciding when each subject receives the two treatments.
b. The researchers actually used the better method of deciding when each subject receives the two treatments that you identified in part (a). For each subject, the number of words recalled when drinking no coffee and when drinking one cup of coffee is recorded in the table. Carry out an appropriate test to determine whether there is convincing evidence that drinking coffee improves memory, on average, for students like the ones in this study.
Steroids in high school A study by the National Athletic Trainers Association surveyed random samples of high school freshmen and 1366 high school seniors in Illinois. Results showed that of the freshmen and of the seniors had used anabolic steroids. Steroids, which are dangerous, are sometimes used in an attempt to improve athletic performance. Researchers want to know if there is a difference in the proportion of all Illinois high school freshmen and seniors who have used anabolic steroids.
a. State appropriate hypotheses for performing a significance test. Be sure to define the parameters of interest.
b. Check if the conditions for performing the test are met.
The distribution of grade point averages (GPAs) for a certain college is approximately Normal with a mean of and a standard deviation of The minimum possible GPA is 0.0 and the maximum possible GPA is . Any student with a GPA less than is put on probation, while any student with a GPA of 3.5 or higher is on the dean’s list. About what percent of students at the college are on probation or on the dean’s list?
Which inference method?
a. Drowning in bathtubs is a major cause of death in children less thanyears old. A random sample of parents was asked many questions related to bathtub safety. Overall,of the sample said they used baby bathtubs for infants. Estimate the percent of all parents of young children who use baby bathtubs.
b. How seriously do people view speeding in comparison with other annoying behaviors? A large random sample of adults was asked to rate a number of behaviors on a scale of(no problem at all) to(very severe problem). Do speeding drivers get a higher average rating than noisy neighbors?
c. You have data from interviews with a random sample of students who failed to graduate from a particular college inyears and also from a random sample of students who entered at the same time and did graduate withinyears. You will use these data to estimate the difference in the percent's of students from rural backgrounds among dropouts and graduates.
d. Do experienced computer-game players earn higher scores when they play with someone present to cheer them on or when they play alone? Fifty teenagers with experience playing a particular computer game have volunteered for a study. We randomly assign of them to play the game alone and the otherto play the game with a supporter present. Each player’s score is recorded.
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