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Chapter 1: Q 93. (page 75)
House prices The mean and median selling prices of existing single-family homes sold in September 2016 were \(276,200 and \)234,200. Which of these numbers is the mean and which is the median? Explain your reasoning.
Mean is $276,200 and median is $234,200.
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Enhancing creativity Do external rewards—things like money, praise, fame, and grades —promote creativity? Researcher Teresa Amabile recruited 47 experienced creative writers who were college students and divided them at random into two groups. The students in one group were given a list of statements about external reasons (E) for writing, such as public recognition, making money, or pleasing their parents. Students in the other group were given a list of statements about internal reasons (I) for writing, such as expressing yourself and enjoying wordplay. Both groups were then instructed to write a poem about laughter. Each student’s poem was rated separately by 12 different poets using a creativity scale. 26 These ratings were averaged to obtain an overall creativity score for each poem. Parallel dotplots of the two groups’ creativity scores are shown here.
Part (a). Is the variability in creativity scores similar or different for the two groups? Justify your answer.
Part (b). Do the data suggest that external rewards promote creativity? Justify your answer.
Buying cameras The brands of the last 45 digital single-lens reflex (SLR) cameras sold on a popular Internet auction site are listed here. Make a relative frequency bar graph for these data. Describe what you see.
Multiple Choice Select the best answer.
Exercises 9 and 10 refer to the following setting. At the Census Bureau website www.census.gov, you can view detailed data collected by the American Community Survey.
The following table includes data for 10 people chosen at random from the more than 1 million people in households contacted by the survey. “School” gives the highest level of education completed.
This data set contains
(a) 7 variables, 2 of which are categorical.
(b) 7 variables, 1 of which is categorical.
(c) 6 variables, 2 of which are categorical.
(d) 6 variables, 1 of which is categorical.
(e) None of these.
I’d die without my phone! In a survey of over 2000 U.S. teenagers by Harris Interactive, 47% said that “their social life would end or be worsened without their cell phone.” 46 One survey question asked the teens how important it is for their phone to have certain features. The following figure displays data on the percent who indicated Page Number: 83 Page Number: 84 that a particular feature is vital.
Part (a). Explain how the graph gives a misleading impression.
Part (b). Would it be appropriate to make a pie chart to display these data? Why or why not?
Risks of playing soccer (1.1) A study in Sweden looked at former elite soccer players, people who had played soccer but not at the elite level, and people of the same age who did not play soccer. Here is a two-way table that classifies these individuals by whether or not they had arthritis of the hip or knee by their mid-fifties:
Part (a). What percent of the people in this study were elite soccer players? What percent of the people in this study developed arthritis?
Part (b). What percent of the elite soccer players developed arthritis? What percent of those who got arthritis were elite soccer players?
Part (c). Researchers suspected that the more serious soccer players were more likely to develop arthritis later in life. Do the data confirm this suspicion? Calculate appropriate percentages to support your answer.
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