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Chapter 3: Q 1. (page 171)

Coral reefs and cell phones Identify the explanatory variable and the

response variable for the following relationships, if possible. Explain your reasoning.

a. The weight gain of corals in aquariums where the water temperature is controlled at different levels

b. The number of text messages sent and the number of phone calls made in a sample of 100students

Short Answer

Expert verified

Part (a) Because the temperature of the water affects weight gain.

Part (b) These could be a response or explanatory variables.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

Cell phones and coral reefs For the following relationships, identify the explanatory variable and the response variable.

02

Part (a) Step 2: Explanation

The provided variables are the weight gain of corals in aquariums is regulated at various levels, as is the temperature of the water. The explanatory variable is water temperature, and the response variable is weight increase. Because the temperature of the water affects weight gain.

03

Part (b) Step 1: Explanation

"The number of sent text messages and phone calls sent to the sample of 100students" is one of the variables offered.

Both variables could be explanatory variables or response variables in this case. Because neither variable is related to the other. As a result, these variables could be both a response and an explanatory variable.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Managing diabetes People with diabetes measure their fasting plasma glucose (FPG, measured in milligrams per milliliter) after fasting for at least 8 hours. Another measurement, made at regular medical checkups, is called HbA. This is roughly the percent of red blood cells that have a glucose molecule attached. It measures average exposure to glucose over a period of several months. The table gives data on both HbA and FPG for 18 diabetics five months after they had completed a diabetes education class.

a. Make a scatterplot with HbA as the explanatory variable. Describe what you see.

b. Subject 18 is an outlier in the x-direction. What effect do you think this subject has on the correlation? What effect do you think this subject has on the equation of the least-squares regression line? Calculate the correlation and equation of the least-squares regression line with and without this subject to confirm your answer.

c. Subject 15 is an outlier in the y-direction. What effect do you think this subject has on the correlation? What effect do you think this subject has on the equation of the least-squares regression line? Calculate the correlation and equation of the least-squares regression line with and without this subject to confirm your answer.

Oh, that smarts! Infants who cry easily may be more easily stimulated than others. This may be a sign of a higher IQ. Child development researchers explored the relationship between the crying of infants 4 to 10 days old and their IQ test scores at age 3 years. A snap of a rubber band on the sole of the foot caused the infants to cry. The researchers recorded the crying and measured its intensity by the number of peaks in the most active 20 seconds. The correlation for these data is r=0.45.16 Interpret the correlation.

More brains Refer to Exercise 20

a. Explain why it isn’t correct to say that the correlation is 0.86g/kg

b. What would happen to the correlation if the variables were reversed on the scatterplot?

Explain your reasoning.

c. What would happen to the correlation if brain weight was measured in kilograms instead of grams? Explain your reasoning.

Residual gas Refer to Exercise 38. During March, the average temperature was 46.4°F and Joan used an average of 490 cubic feet of gas per day. Calculate and interpret the residual for this month.

You have data for many years on the average price of a barrel of oil and the average retail price of a gallon of unleaded regular gasoline. If you want to see how well the price of oil predicts the price of gas, then you should make a scatterplot with ___________ as the explanatory variable.

a. the price of oil

b. the price of gas

c. the year

d. either oil price or gas price

e. time
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