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Chapter 3: Q 76. (page 210)
One child in the Mumbai study had height 59 cm and arm span 60 cm. This child’s residual is
a. −3.2 cm.
b. −2.2 cm.
c. −1.3 cm.
d. 3.2 cm.
e. 62.2 cm.
The correct option is (a)
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All brawn? The following scatterplot plots the average brain weight (in grams) versus average body weight (in kilograms) for species of mammals. There are many small mammals whose points overlap at the lower left.
a. The correlation between body weight and brain weight is Interpret this value.
b. What effect does the human have on the correlation? Justify your answer.
Infant weights in Nahya A study of nutrition in developing countries
collected data from the Egyptian village of Nahyan. Researchers recorded the mean weight (in kilograms) for 170 infants in Nahya each month during their first year of life. A hasty user of statistics enters the data into software and computes the least-squares line without looking at the scatterplot first. The result is weight^=4.88+0.267 (age). Use the residual plot to determine if this linear model is appropriate. 
Driving speed and fuel consumption Exercise 9 (page 171) gives data on the fuel consumption y of a car at various speeds x. Fuel consumption is measured in liters of gasoline per 100 kilometers driven, and speed is measured in kilometers per hour. A statistical software package gives the least-squares regression line y^=11.058–0.01466x. Use the residual plot to determine if this linear model is appropriate. 
Scientists examined the activity level of 7 fish at different temperatures. Fish activity was rated on a scale of 0 (no activity) to 100 (maximal activity). The temperature was measured in degrees Celsius. A computer regression printout and a residual plot are provided. Notice that the horizontal axis on the residual plot is labeled “Fitted value,” which means the same thing as “predicted value.” 
What is the correlation between temperature and fish activity?
a. 0.95
b. 0.91
c. 0.45
d. –0.91
e. –0.95
More crying? Refer to Exercise Does the fact that suggest that making an infant cry will increase his or her IQ later in life? Explain your reasoning.
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