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Chapter 11: Q. T11.13 (page 765)

In the United States, there is a strong relationship between education and smoking: well-educated people are less likely to smoke. Does a similar relationship hold in France? To find out, researchers recorded the level of education and smoking status of a random sample of 459French men aged 20to60years. The two-way table displays the data.

Is there convincing evidence of an association between smoking status and educational level among French men aged20to60years?

Short Answer

Expert verified

There is convincing evidence that there is association between education and smoking status.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1. Given information

Given:

02

Step 2. Explanation

The null and alternative hypotheses:

H0: There is no association between education and smoking status.

Ha: There is association between education and smoking status.

Using excel,

Chi-square test statistic =13.30. The degrees of freedom =6and p-value =0.0384

Decision: P-value<0.05, reject H0.

Conclusion: There is convincing evidence that there is association between education and smoking status.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

When analyzing survey results from a two-way table, the main distinction between a test for independence and a test for homogeneity is

a. how the degrees of freedom are calculated.

b. how the expected counts are calculated.

c. the number of samples obtained.

d. the number of rows in the two-way table.

e. the number of columns in the two-way table.

A Type I error would occur if we found convincing evidence that

a. HCC wiring caused cancer when it actually didn’t.

b. HCC wiring didn’t cause cancer when it actually did.

c. there is no association between the type of wiring and the form of cancer when there actually is an association.

d. there is an association between the type of wiring and the form of cancer when there actually is no association.

e. the type of wiring and the form of cancer have a positive correlation when they actually don’t.

The manager of a high school cafeteria is planning to offer several new types of food for student lunches in the new school year. She wants to know if each type of food will be equally popular so she can start ordering supplies and making other plans. To find out, she selects a random sample of 100students and asks them, “Which type of food do you prefer: Ramen, tacos, pizza, or hamburgers?” Here are her data:

Which of the following is false?

a. A chi-square distribution with k degrees of freedom is more right-skewed than a chi square distribution with k+1 degrees of freedom.

b. A chi-square distribution never takes negative values.

c. The degrees of freedom for a chi-square test are determined by the sample size.

d. P(χ2>10) is greater when df=k+1 than when df=k

e. The area under a chi-square density curve is always equal to 1

Seagulls by the seashore Do seagulls show a preference for where they land? To answer this question, biologists conducted a study in an enclosed outdoor space with a piece of shore whose area was made up of 56% sand, 29% mud, and 15% rocks. The biologists chose 200 seagulls at random. Each seagull was released into the outdoor space on its own and observed until it landed somewhere on the piece of shore. In all, 128 seagulls landed on the sand, 61 landed in the mud, and 11 landed on the rocks.

a. Do these data provide convincing evidence that seagulls show a preference for where they land?

b. Relative to the proportion of each ground type on the shore, which type of ground do the seagulls seem to prefer the most? The least?

No chi-square A school’s principal wants to know if students spend about the same amount of time on homework each night of the week. She asks a random sample of 50 students to keep track of their homework time for a week. The following table displays the average amount of time (in minutes) students reported per night.

Explain carefully why it would not be appropriate to perform a chi-square test for goodness of fit using these data.
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