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Chapter 5: Q. 69. (page 330)
Dogs and cats In one large city, of all households, own a dog,
own a cat, and 18% own both. Suppose we randomly select a household and learn that the household owns a cat. Find the probability that the household owns a dog.
The probability that the household owns a dog is
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Foreign-language studyChoose a student in grades 9 to 12 at random and ask if he or she is studying a language other than English. Here is the distribution of results:
a. What’s the probability that the student is studying a language other than English?
b. What is the probability that a student is studying Spanish given that he or she is
studying some language other than English?
Checking independence Suppose A and B are two events such that, and. Are events A and B independent? Justify your answer.
Recycling Do most teens recycle? To find out, an AP® Statistics class asked an SRS of students at their school whether they regularly recycle. In the sample, students said that they recycle. Is this convincing evidence that more than half of the students at the school would say they regularly recycle? The dotplot shows the results of taking SRSS of students from a population in which the true proportion who recycle is .
a. Explain why the sample result (out of said "Yes") does not give convincing evidence that more than half of the school's students recycle.
b. Suppose instead that students in the class's sample had said "Yes." Explain why this result would give convincing evidence that a majority of the school's students recycle.
Body image A random sample of U.S. college students was asked, “What is your perception of your own body? Do you feel that you are overweight, underweight, or about right?” The two-way table below summarizes the data on perceived body image by gender.
Suppose we randomly select one of the survey respondents.
a. Given that the person perceived his or her body image as about right, what’s the
probability that the person is female?
b. If the person selected is female, what’s the probability that she did not perceive her body image as overweight?
Matching suits A standard deck of playing cards consists of 52 cards with 13 cards in each of four suits: spades, diamonds, clubs, and hearts. Suppose you shuffle the deck thoroughly and deal 5 cards face-up onto a table.
a. What is the probability of dealing five spades in a row?
b. Find the probability that all 5 cards on the table have the same suit.
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