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Chapter 5: Q. 74 (page 336)

Middle school values Researchers carried out a survey of fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade students in Michigan. Students were asked whether good grades, athletic ability, or being popular was most important to them. The two-way table summarizes the survey data.

Suppose we select one of these students at random.

  1. Find P(athletic | 5thgrade).
  2. Use your answer from part (a) to help determine if the events “5th grade” and “athletic” are independent.

Short Answer

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Step by step solution

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Part (a) Step 1: Given Information

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Part(a) Step 2: Explanation

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Part (b) Step 1: Given Information

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Part(b) Step 2: Explanation

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The partially completed table that follows shows the distribution of scores on the2016

AP® Statistics exam.

Suppose we randomly select a student who took this exam. What’s the probability that he

or she earned a score of at least3?

a.0.249

b.0.361

c.0.390

d.0.466

e.0.610

Ten percent of U.S. households contain 5or more people. You want to simulate choosing a household at random and recording “Yes” if it contains 5or more people. Which of these is a correct assignment of digits for this simulation?

a.Odd=Yes;Even=No

b.0=Yes;1–9=No

c.0−5=Yes;6−9=No

d.0−4=Yes;5−9=No

e. None of these

Lucky penny? Harris Interactive reported that 33%of U.S. adults believe that

finding and picking up a penny is good luck. Assuming that responses from different

individuals are independent, what is the probability of randomly selecting 10U.S. adults

and finding at least 1person who believes that finding and picking up a penny is good

luck?

Treating low bone density Fractures of the spine are common and serious

among women with advanced osteoporosis (low mineral density in the bones). Can taking

strontium ranelate help? A large medical trial was conducted to investigate this question.

Researchers recruited 1649women with osteoporosis who had previously had at least one

fracture for an experiment. The women were assigned to take either strontium ranelate or a

placebo each day. All the women were taking calcium supplements and receiving standard

medical care. One response variable was the number of new fractures over 3years.

a. Describe a completely randomized design for this experiment.

b. Explain why it is important to keep the calcium supplements and medical care the same

for all the women in the experiment.

c. The women who took strontium ranelate had statistically significantly fewer new

fractures, on average, than the women who took a placebo over a 3‐year period. Explain

what this means to someone who knows little statistics.

Which one of the following is true about the events “Owner has a Chevy” and

“Owner’s truck has four-wheel drive”?

a. These two events are mutually exclusive and independent.

b. These two events are mutually exclusive, but not independent.

c. These two events are not mutually exclusive, but they are independent.

d. These two events are neither mutually exclusive nor independent.

e. These two events are mutually exclusive, but we do not have enough information to determine if they are independent.
See all solutions

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