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Chapter 1: Q 1.6 (page 6)

Given an example to illustrate why you cannot accurately judge the temperature of an object by how hot or cold it feels to the touch?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The body skin has no standard reference temperature.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

One cannot accurately measure the temperature of an object by touching it.

02

Step 2. Description

When two objects are at the same temperature, they are said to be in thermal equilibrium. The rate at which the thermal equilibrium attained is determined by rate of heat flow from hotter to colder object.

Consider the following example:

A glass of water at room temperature will not seem that hot or cold when we are in the same room. But if we go outside taking that glass to the outside cold weather then for a while the same glass of water feels hotter. It is because our skin temperature changes depending on the surrounding temperature. Hence we cannot judge accurately the temperature of any object by touching it. Our skin has no standard temperature to compare & decide the other object's temperature.

03

Final answer

One cannot accurately measure the temperature od an object by simply touching it as there is no standard reference temperature of the body skin

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The Rankine temperature scale(abbreviated °R) uses the same scale size degrees as Fahrenheit, but measured up from absolute zero like Kelvin(so Rankine is to Fahrenheit as Kelvin is to Celsius). Find the conversion formula between Rankine and Fahrenheit and also between Rankine and Kelvin. What is the room temperature on the Rankine scale?

Suppose you open a bottle of perfume at one end of a room. Very roughly, how much time would pass before a person at the other end of the room could smell the perfume, if diffusion were the only transport mechanism? Do you think diffusion is the dominant transport mechanism in this situation?

In analogy with the thermal conductivity, derive an approximate formula for the viscosity of an ideal gas in terms of its density, mean free path, and average thermal speed. Show explicitly that the viscosity is independent of pressure and proportional to the square root of the temperature. Evaluate your formula numerically for air at room temperature and compare to the experimental value quoted in the text.

Measured heat capacities of solids and liquids are almost always at constant pressure, not constant volume. To see why, estimate the pressure needed to keep Vfixed as Tincreases, as follows.

(a) First imagine slightly increasing the temperature of a material at constant pressure. Write the change in volume,dV1, in terms of dTand the thermal expansion coefficient βintroduced in Problem 1.7.

(b) Now imagine slightly compressing the material, holding its temperature fixed. Write the change in volume for this process, dV2, in terms of dPand the isothermal compressibility κT, defined as

κT≡−1V∂V∂PT

(c) Finally, imagine that you compress the material just enough in part (b) to offset the expansion in part (a). Then the ratio of dPtodTis equal to (∂P/∂T)V, since there is no net change in volume. Express this partial derivative in terms of βandκT. Then express it more abstractly in terms of the partial derivatives used to define βandκT. For the second expression you should obtain

∂P∂TV=−(∂V/∂T)P(∂V/∂P)T

This result is actually a purely mathematical relation, true for any three quantities that are related in such a way that any two determine the third.

(d) Compute β,κT,and(∂P/∂T)Vfor an ideal gas, and check that the three expressions satisfy the identity you found in part (c).

(e) For water at 25∘C,β=2.57×10−4K−1andκT=4.52×10−10Pa−1. Suppose you increase the temperature of some water from 20∘Cto30∘C. How much pressure must you apply to prevent it from expanding? Repeat the calculation for mercury, for which (at25∘C)β=1.81×10−4K−1andκT=4.04×10−11Pa−1

Given the choice, would you rather measure the heat capacities of these substances at constant vor at constant p?

A battery is connected in series to a resistor, which is immersed in water (to prepare a nice hot cup of tea). Would you classify the flow of energy from the battery to the resistor as "heat" or "work"? What about the flow of energy from the resistor to the water?

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