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Chapter 1: Q.1.26 (page 19)

A battery is connected in series to a resistor, which is immersed in water (to prepare a nice hot cup of tea). Would you classify the flow of energy from the battery to the resistor as "heat" or "work"? What about the flow of energy from the resistor to the water?

Short Answer

Expert verified

"Work" from the battery is applied to the resistor, and "heat" is applied to the water via the resistance.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1. Introduction.

When a current is passed through the heating element (Resistor), it becomes heated.

As a result, energy is flowing into the resistor, but it is due to electric current rather than a temperature differential, therefore the electric current is doing work on the resistor; there is no heat involved.

The temperature was then spread by the resistor due to the temperature difference between the resistor and the water.

This is depicted in the diagram.

02

Step 2. Diagram.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The Rankine temperature scale(abbreviated °R) uses the same scale size degrees as Fahrenheit, but measured up from absolute zero like Kelvin(so Rankine is to Fahrenheit as Kelvin is to Celsius). Find the conversion formula between Rankine and Fahrenheit and also between Rankine and Kelvin. What is the room temperature on the Rankine scale?

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Consider a uniform rod of material whose temperature varies only along its length, in the xdirection. By considering the heat flowing from both directions into a small segment of length Δx

derive the heat equation,

∂T∂t=K∂2T∂x2

where K=kt/cρi, cis the specific heat of the material, and ρis its density. (Assume that the only motion of energy is heat conduction within the rod; no energy enters or leaves along the sides.) Assuming that Kis independent of temperature, show that a solution of the heat equation is

T(x,t)=T0+Ate−x2/4Kt,

where T0is a constant background temperature and Ais any constant. Sketch (or use a computer to plot) this solution as a function of x, for several values of t. Interpret this solution physically, and discuss in some detail how energy spreads through the rod as time passes.

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