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Chapter 4: Q. 4.26 (page 137)

A coal-fired power plant, with parameters similar to those used in the text above, is to deliver1GW109wattsof power. Estimate the amount of steam (in kilograms) that must pass through the turbine(s) each second.

Short Answer

Expert verified

When a coal-fired plant is supposed to deliver 1GWof power, then the amount of steam that pass through the turbine per second is role="math" localid="1646944126762" 620.03kg.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1. Given information

Power delivered by coal-fired plant=1GW=109Watt.

02

Step 2. Explanation

The efficiency of steam engine=48%.

As, e=1-QcQh=WQhwhere,W=Qh-QcQh=HeatofhotreservoirQc=Heatofcoldreservoir

So,

Qh=We=1090.48=2.0833×109watt=2.0833GW

03

Step 3. Amount of steam

As some water is passing the turbine every second and let the mass of steam be Mgiven by:

QhM=H3-H1=3444-84KJkg=3360KJkg

So,

M=Qh3360KJkg=2.0833×1093360kg=620.029kg

04

Step 4. Conclusion

When a coal-fired plant is supposed to deliver 1KWof power, then the amount of steam that pass through the turbine per second is620.03kg.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Consider an ideal Hampson-Linde cycle in which no heat is lost to the environment.

(a) Argue that the combination of the throttling valve and the heat exchanger is a constant-enthalpy device, so that the total enthalpy of the fluid coming out of this combination is the same as the enthalpy of the fluid going in.

(b) Let xbe the fraction of the fluid that liquefies on each pass through the cycle. Show that

x=Hout-HinHout-Hliq,

where Hinis the enthalpy of each mole of compressed gas that goes into the heat exchanger, Houtis the enthalpy of each mole of low-pressure gas that comes out of the heat exchanger, and Hliqis the enthalpy of each mole of liquid produced.

(c) Use the data in Table 4.5to calculate the fraction of nitrogen liquefied on each pass through a Hampson-Linde cycle operating between 1 bar and 100 bars, with an input temperature of 300K. Assume that the heat exchanger works perfectly, so the temperature of the low-pressure gas coming out of it is the same as the temperature of the high-pressure gas going in. Repeat the calculation for an input temperature of 200K.

Suppose you are told to design a household air conditioner using

HFC-134a as its working substance. Over what range of pressures would you have it operate? Explain your reasoning. Calculate the COP for your design, and compare to the COP of an ideal Carnot refrigerator operating between the same extreme temperatures.

Why must you put an air conditioner in the window of a building, rather than in the middle of a room?

Prove that if you had a heat engine whose efficiency was better than the ideal value (4.5), you could hook it up to an ordinary Carnot refrigerator to make a refrigerator that requires no work input.

Suppose that the throttling valve in the refrigerator of the previous problem is replaced with a small turbine-generator in which the fluid expands adiabatically, doing work that contributes to powering the compressor. Will this change affect the COP of the refrigerator? If so, by how much? Why do you suppose real refrigerators use a throttle instead of a turbine?
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