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Chapter 5: Q 5.25 (page 171)
In working high-pressure geochemistry problems it is usually more
convenient to express volumes in units of kJ/kbar. Work out the conversion factor
between this unit and m3
The conversion factor is
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Is heat capacity (C) extensive or intensive? What about specific heat (c) ? Explain briefly.
Plot the Van der Waals isotherm for T/Tc = 0.95, working in terms of reduced variables. Perform the Maxwell construction (either graphically or numerically) to obtain the vapor pressure. Then plot the Gibbs free energy (in units of NkTc) as a function of pressure for this same temperature and check that this graph predicts the same value for the vapor pressure.
Imagine that you drop a brick on the ground and it lands with a thud. Apparently the energy of this system tends to spontaneously decrease. Explain why.
Go through the arithmetic to verify that diamond becomes more stable than graphite at approximately 15 kbar.
Sketch a qualitatively accurate graph of G vs. T for a pure substance as it changes from solid to liquid to gas at fixed pressure. Think carefully about the slope of the graph. Mark the points of the phase transformations and discuss the features of the graph briefly.
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