Chapter 11: Q5CQ (page 394)
Approximately how does the density of air vary with altitude?
Short Answer
Air density is less at higher altitudes.
Chapter 11: Q5CQ (page 394)
Approximately how does the density of air vary with altitude?
Air density is less at higher altitudes.
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Get started for freeThe hydraulic system of a backhoe is used to lift a load as shown in Figure \({\rm{11}}{\rm{.45}}\). (a) Calculate the force F the slave cylinder must exert to support the \({\rm{400 - kg}}\) load and the \({\rm{150 - kg}}\) brace and shovel. (b) What is the pressure in the hydraulic fluid if the slave cylinder is \({\rm{2}}{\rm{.50 cm}}\) in diameter? (c) What force would you have to exert on a lever with a mechanical advantage of \({\rm{5}}{\rm{.00}}\) acting on a master cylinder \({\rm{0}}{\rm{.800 cm}}\) in diameter to create this pressure?
Considering the magnitude of typical arterial blood pressures, why are mercury rather than water manometers used for these measurements?
The alveoli in emphysema victims are damaged and effectively form larger sacs. Construct a problem in which you calculate the loss of pressure due to surface tension in the alveoli because of their larger average diameters. (Part of the lung’s ability to expel air results from pressure created by surface tension in the alveoli.) Among the things to consider are the normal surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli, the average alveolar radius in normal individuals and its average in emphysema sufferers.
If the pressure in the oesophagus is\[{\rm{ - 2}}{\rm{.00 mm Hg}}\]while that in the stomach is\[{\rm{ + 20}}{\rm{.00 mm Hg}}\], to what height could stomach fluid rise in the oesophagus, assuming a density of\[{\rm{1}}{\rm{.10 g/mL}}\]? (This movement will not occur if the muscle closing the lower end of the oesophagus is working properly.)
(a) How high will water rise in a glass capillary tube with a 0.500-mm
radius?
(b) How much gravitational potential energy does the water gain?
(c) Discuss possible sources of this energy.
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