Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 34: Q23CQ (page 1237)

State a necessary condition for a system to be chaotic.

Short Answer

Expert verified

It is considered to be chaotic if states that differ by a little amount in the starting circumstances diverge as the system evolves.

Step by step solution

01

Define Complexity

A system is roughly described as complex if it is made up of a large number of interconnected elements with emergent global dynamics that are qualitatively distinct from the dynamics of each individual component.

02

Explanation

A system is known to be chaotic when it states differing by a small amount in the initial conditions diverge as the system evolves.

Therefore, if states varying by a little amount in beginning circumstances diverge as the system progresses, it is said to be chaotic.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Supermassive black holes are thought to exist at the center of many galaxies. (a) What is the radius of such an object if it has a mass of\({\rm{1}}{{\rm{0}}^{\rm{9}}}\)Suns? (b) What is this radius in light years?

Quantum gravity, if developed, would be an improvement on both general relativity and quantum mechanics, but more mathematically difficult. Under what circumstances would it be necessary to use quantum gravity? Similarly, under what circumstances could general relativity be used? When could special relativity, quantum mechanics, or classical physics be used?

Question: If the universe is infinite, does it have a center? Discuss.

Andromeda galaxy is the closest large galaxy and is visible to the naked eye. Estimate its brightness relative to the Sun, assuming it has luminosity\({\rm{1}}{{\rm{0}}^{{\rm{12}}}}\)times that of the Sun and lies\({\rm{2 Mly}}\)away.

(a) A particle and its antiparticle are at rest relative to an observer and annihilate (completely destroying both masses), creating two\({\rm{\gamma }}\)rays of equal energy. What is the characteristic\({\rm{\gamma }}\)-ray energy you would look for if searching for evidence of proton-antiproton annihilation? (The fact that such radiation is rarely observed is evidence that there is very little antimatter in the universe.) (b) How does this compare with the\({\rm{0}}{\rm{.511 MeV}}\)energy associated with electron-positron annihilation?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Physics Textbooks

Force

Read Explanation

Geometrical and Physical Optics

Read Explanation

Scientific Method Physics

Read Explanation

Circular Motion and Gravitation

Read Explanation

Electricity

Read Explanation

Turning Points in Physics

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free