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Chapter 33: Q28CQ (page 1211)

Identify evidence for electroweak unification.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The predictions of one massless, three massive bosons, and one massive spin=0 boson confirmed the theory.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of electroweak unification

The electroweak interaction is a fundamental force that represents the union of electromagnetic and weak nuclear interactions. Glashow, Weinberg, and Salam's work demonstrated that electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces can be understood as a single interaction.

02

Explanation

Salam, Ward, and Weinberg predicted the existence of three massive (with rough estimates, of the masses for W+, W_ and Z0 ) and one massless spin 1 bosons while researching electroweak theory (a way of relating weak with electromagnetic interactions). All of these particles have been confirmed, along with their masses.

The Higgs boson, a spin 0 massive boson, was also predicted, and the particle has recently been confirmed.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What are the advantages of colliding-beam accelerators? What are the disadvantages?

Suppose you are designing a proton decay experiment and you can detect \({\rm{50}}\) percent of the proton decays in a tank of water.

(a) How many kilograms of water would you need to see one decay per month, assuming a lifetime of \({\rm{1}}{{\rm{0}}^{{\rm{31}}}}{\rm{ y}}\)?

(b) How many cubic meters of water is this?

(c) If the actual lifetime is \({\rm{1}}{{\rm{0}}^{{\rm{33}}}}{\rm{ y}}\), how long would you have to wait on an average to see a single proton decay?

The mass of a theoretical particle that may be associated with the unification of the electroweak and strong forces is\[{\rm{1}}{{\rm{0}}^{{\rm{14}}}}{\rm{ GeV/}}{{\rm{c}}^{\rm{2}}}\]. (a) How many proton masses is this? (b) How many electron masses is this? (This indicates how extremely relativistic the accelerator would have to be in order to make the particle, and how large the relativistic quantity γ would have to be.)

What evidence is cited to support the contention that the gluon force between quarks is greater than the strong nuclear force between hadrons? How is this related to color? Is it also related to quark confinement?

If the Higgs boson is discovered and found to have mass, will it be considered the ultimate carrier of the weak force? Explain your response.
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