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Chapter 17: Q9CQ (page 628)
You are given two wind instruments of identical length. One is open at both ends, whereas the other is closed at one end. Which is able to produce
the lowest frequency?
A wind instrument that is closed at one end will produce the lowest frequency
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The factor of \({\rm{1}}{{\rm{0}}^{{\rm{ - 12}}}}\)in the range of intensities to which the ear can respond, from threshold to that causing damage after brief exposure, is truly remarkable. If you could measure distances over the same range with a single instrument and the smallest distance you could measure was\(1\;{\rm{mm}}\), what would the largest be?
Based on the graph inFigure\({\bf{17}}.{\bf{36}}\), what is the threshold of hearing
in decibels for frequencies of\({\bf{60}},{\rm{ }}{\bf{400}},{\rm{ }}{\bf{1000}},{\rm{ }}{\bf{4000}},{\rm{ }}{\bf{and}}{\rm{ }}{\bf{15}},{\bf{000}}{\rm{ }}{\bf{Hz}}\)? Note
that many AC electrical appliances produce 60 Hz, music is commonly
\({\bf{400}}{\rm{ }}{\bf{Hz}}\), a reference frequency is\({\bf{1000}}{\rm{ }}{\bf{Hz}}\), your maximum sensitivity
is near\({\bf{4000}}{\rm{ }}{\bf{Hz}}\), and many older TVs produce a\({\bf{15}},{\bf{750}}{\rm{ }}{\bf{Hz}}\)whine.
Ultrasound reflected from an oncoming bloodstream that is moving at30.0 cm/sis mixed with the original frequency of\({\bf{2}}.{\bf{50}}{\rm{ }}{\bf{MHz}}\)to produce beats. What is the beat frequency? (Assume that the frequency of\({\bf{2}}.{\bf{50}}{\rm{ }}{\bf{MHz}}\)is accurate to seven significant figures.)
What is the minimum speed at which a source must travel toward you for you to be able to hear that its frequency is Doppler shifted? That is, what speed produces a shift of\({\rm{0}}{\rm{.300\% }}\)on a day when the speed of sound is\({\rm{331}}\;{\rm{m/s}}\)?
Due to efficiency considerations related to its bow wake, the supersonic transport aircraft must maintain a cruising speed that is a constant ratio to the speed of sound (a constant Mach number). If the aircraft flies from warm air into colder air, should it increase or decrease its speed? Explain your answer.
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