A ball is thrown horizontally from the top of a \(60.0 - m\) building and lands \(100.0\,m\) from the base of the building. Ignore air resistance. (a) How long is the ball in the air? (b) What must have been the initial horizontal component of the velocity? (c) What is the vertical component of the velocity just before the ball hits the ground? (d) What is the velocity (including both the horizontal and vertical components) of the ball just before it hits the ground?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(d) The velocity (including both the horizontal and vertical components) of the ball just before it hits the ground is \(44.7\;m/s\). The velocity is directed \(50.2^\circ \) down the x-axis.

Step by step solution

01

Identification of the given data

As the ball is thrown horizontally from the top of the building, so the initial vertical component of the velocity is zero.

02

Understanding the concept

If\({v_x}\)is the horizontal component of the velocity,\({v_y}\)is the horizontal component of the velocity, then the resultant of the velocity is given by,

\({v_R} = \sqrt {v_x^2 + v_y^2} \)

Here\({v_R}\)is the resultant velocity.

03

Step 3: Determine the resultant and its direction:

Consider the above equation,

Substitute\(28.57\;m/s\)for\({v_x}\),\( - 34.34\;m/s\)for\({v_y}\)into the above equation,

\(\begin{aligned}{c}v &= \sqrt {{v_x}^2 + {v_y}^2} \\ &= \sqrt {{{\left( {28.57\;m/s} \right)}^2} + {{\left( { - 34.34\;m/s} \right)}^2}} \\ &= 44.7\;m/s\end{aligned}\)

So, the resultant value of the velocity is\(44.7\;m/s\).

Now determine the direction of the resultant velocity,

\({\theta _x} = {\tan ^{ - 1}}\left| {\frac{{{v_y}}}{{{v_x}}}} \right|\)

Substituting the value of horizontal and vertical velocity,

\(\begin{aligned}{c}{\theta _x} &= {\tan ^{ - 1}}\left| {\frac{{ - 34.34}}{{28.57}}} \right|\\ &= 50.2^\circ \end{aligned}\)

Therefore the value of the resultant velocity is \(44.7\;m/s\) and its direction is \(50.2^\circ \).

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