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Chapter 6: Q21 CQ (page 220)

Draw a free body diagram for a satellite in an elliptical orbit showing why its speed increases as it approaches its parent body and decreases as it moves away

Short Answer

Expert verified

The power of attraction between the satellite and the parent body is determined by the square of their distance.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Satellite

A satellite is an item that is placed into orbit on purpose.

02

Determining why the speed of the satellite increases

The following is a free body diagram of a satellite in an elliptical orbit:

The centripetal force isFC, and the satellite's velocity isv.

The system's overall angular momentum is retained since there is no exterior force acting on it.

The centripetal force of attraction allows moving the satellite in an elliptical orbit. The power of attraction between the satellite and the parent body is determined by the square of their distance. The velocity of the satellite’s movement in an elliptical orbit increases as the distance between the parent body and satellite decreases and vice versa.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Action at a distance, such as is the case for gravity, was once thought to be illogical and therefore untrue. What is the ultimate determinant of the truth in physics, and why was this action ultimately accepted?

A large centrifuge, like the one shown in Figure (a), is used to expose aspiring astronauts to accelerations similar to those experienced in rocket launches and atmospheric re-entries. (a) At what angular velocity is the centripetal acceleration \(10g\) if the rider is \(15.0{\rm{ m}}\) from the centre of rotation? (b) The rider’s cage hangs on a pivot at the end of the arm, allowing it to swing outward during rotation as shown in Figure (b). At what angle \(\theta \) below the horizontal will the cage hang when the centripetal acceleration is \(10g\)? (Hint: The arm supplies centripetal force and supports the weight of the cage. Draw a free body diagram of the forces to see what the angle \(\theta \) should be.)



*Figure (a) NASA centrifuge used to subject trainees to accelerations similar to those experienced in rocket launches and re-entries. (Credit: NASA) (b) Rider in cage showing how the cage pivots outward during rotation. This allows the total force exerted on the rider by the cage to be along its axis at all times.

Find the ratio of the mass of Jupiter to that of Earth based on data inTable 6.2.

Two friends are having a conversation. Anna says a satellite in orbit is in freefall because the satellite keeps falling toward Earth. Tom says a satellite in orbit is not in freefall because the acceleration due to gravity is not9.80 m/s2. Who do you agree with and why?

(a) What is the radius of a bobsled turn banked at 75.0°and taken at 30.0m/s, assuming it is ideally banked? (b) Calculate the centripetal acceleration. (c) Does this acceleration seem large to you?
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