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Chapter 17: Problem 37

An automobile heats up while sitting in a parking lot on a sunny day. The process can be assumed to be a) isothermal c) isometric b) isobaric d) isentropic

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The isentropic process best describes an automobile heating up while sitting in a parking lot on a sunny day. However, it is essential to note that real-world processes are not perfect, and other factors such as air resistance can affect the process.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the different processes

Before solving the exercise, it is crucial to know the definitions of the processes mentioned. Isothermal: A process where the temperature remains constant. Isobaric: A process where the pressure remains constant. Isometric (also known as isochoric): A process where the volume remains constant. Isentropic: A process where the entropy remains constant, which means no heat transfer and reversible adiabatic process. Now let's analyze which process best fits the situation described in the exercise.
02

Analyze the situation

The automobile is sitting in a parking lot on a sunny day, and it heats up due to the incoming solar radiation. During this process: - The temperature of the car's interior and surrounding air increases. - There is no restriction on the volume of the air inside and outside the car, which means it can expand or contract. - Since the car is not sealed, the pressure inside and outside the car can equalize, which means the pressure does not remain constant as well. Now, let's determine which process is most suitable for the situation.
03

Determine the process

Based on the previous analysis, we can identify the process in the following manner: - The temperature increases, so it is not an isothermal process. - The volume is not restricted, so it is not an isometric (isochoric) process. - Although the pressure inside and outside the car can equalize, it does not remain constant, so it is not an isobaric process. Therefore, the only process left is the isentropic process (option d). It is, however, important to note that real-life processes are not entirely isentropic due to the presence of air resistance and other factors. Nonetheless, the isentropic process can be considered as a reasonable approximation for the heating process described in the exercise.
04

Conclusion

The process that best describes an automobile heating up while sitting in a parking lot on a sunny day is (d) isentropic. However, it is important to recognize that real-world processes are not perfect and other factors such as air resistance can affect the process.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Select a correct statement of the first law. a) Heat transfer equals the work done for a process. b) Net heat transfer equals the net work for a cycle. c) Net heat transfer equals net work plus internal energy change for a cycle. d) Heat transfer minus work equals change in enthalpy.

A tire is pressurized to \(100 \mathrm{kPa}\) gauge in Michigan where \(T=0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). In Arizona the tire is at \(70^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Assuming a rigid tire, estimate the pressure in \(\mathrm{kPa}\) gauge. a) 120 c) 140 b) 130 d) 150

The annual amount of a series of payments to be made at the end of each of the next 12 years is \(\$ 500\). What is the present worth of the payments at 8 percent interest compounded annually? a) \(\$ 500\) c) \(\$ 6,000\) b) \(\$ 3,768\) d) \(\$ 6,480\)

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