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Chapter 15: Problem 78

How does the volume flow rate of blood at a stenosis compare with the rate in the surrounding artery? a. lower b. the same c. higher

Short Answer

Expert verified
b. the same

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Blood Flow and Stenosis

Within the circulatory system, blood behaves like a fluid. When blood flows through an artery that has a part narrowed by stenosis, its behaviour can be understood using the principles of fluid dynamics. Stenosis refers to a section of the artery that has been narrowed.
02

Understanding the Principle of Continuity

The principle of continuity in fluid dynamics holds that the quantity of fluid entering a system must equal the quantity of fluid exiting the system, as long as no fluid is added or removed in the system. In terms of an equation, the principle says the fluid's speed times its cross-sectional area remains constant. When the cross-sectional area decreases (as in a stenosis), the speed must increase for the product to remain constant.
03

Applying the Principle to the Blood Flow

Applying this principle to the blood flow, the volume of blood entering a given segment of the artery in a given time (the volume flow rate) must be equal to the volume of blood exiting that segment of artery in the same time. Even though the stenosis presents a smaller effective cross-sectional area, the blood flow speeds up through that narrowed section to allow the same volume of blood to pass through in the same time period.

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