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Chapter 17: Problem 12

Why do we use the triple point of water for thermometer calibration? Why not just use the melting point or boiling point?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The triple point of water is used for thermometer calibration because it provides a precise and unique set of conditions at which all three phases of a substance (gas, liquid, and solid) coexist in equilibrium. This level of precision is not achievable with just the melting or boiling point as they can vary with atmospheric pressure.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Concept of Triple Point

The triple point of a substance is the unique set of conditions at which all three phases - gas, liquid, and solid - exist in thermodynamic equilibrium. For water, the triple point occurs at a specific temperature and pressure. This precision makes it a suitable calibration standard for thermometers.
02

Reason for Not Using Melting Point or Boiling Point

The melting and boiling points of water can also provide reference temperatures for calibration. However, these points can vary with changes in atmospheric pressure. Therefore, they are less precise than the triple point where the temperature and pressure conditions are clearly defined.
03

Importance of Triple Point in Thermometer Calibration

As temperature measurement is crucial in various sectors, precise and accurate calibration is required. The triple point, with its unique and precisely definable conditions, provides a robust basis for the calibration of thermometers. Using the triple point of water, a standard can be established for temperature measurement, which can be universally accepted and reproduced.

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