For Equationx=xmcos(ωt+ϕ), suppose the amplitudexmis given by

xm=Fm[m2(ωd2ω2)2+b2ωd2]1/2

whereFmis the (constant) amplitude of the external oscillating force exerted on the spring by the rigid support in Figure below. At resonance,

  1. what is the amplitude of the oscillating object?
  2. what is the velocity amplitude of the oscillating object?

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. The amplitude of oscillation at resonance,
    xm=Fmbω
  2. The velocity amplitude of oscillation at resonance,
    vm=Fmb

Step by step solution

01

Given

The amplitude is given as-

xm=Fm[m2(ωd2ω2)2+b2ωd2]12

02

Understanding the concept

Use the condition of resonancefor damped oscillation in the given equation to get the required derivation for amplitude and velocity amplitude.

Formulae:

vm=ωxmωd=ω

03

(a) Calculate the amplitude of the oscillating object

The given equation of amplitude is

xm=Fm[m2(ωd2ω2)2+b2ωd2]12

Also, the condition for resonance is

ωd=ω

Using this equation in the above equation of amplitude, we get

xm=Fm[0+b2ωd2]12xm=Fmbω

04

(b) Calculate the velocity amplitude of the oscillating object

The equation for velocity amplitude is

vm=ωxm

Hence,

vm=ω×Fmbωvm=Fmb

The velocity amplitude for the oscillating object is vm=Fmb.

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When the displacement in SHM is one-half the amplitude Xm,

  1. What fraction of the total energy is kinetic energy?
  2. What fraction of the total energy is potential energy?
  3. At what displacement, in terms of the amplitude, is the energy of the system half kinetic energy and half potential energy?

An object undergoing simple harmonic motion takes 0.25 sto travel from one point of zero velocity to the next such point. The distance between those points is 36 cm.

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