Evaluate the Prandtl number from the following data: \(c_{p}=0.5 \mathrm{Btu} / \mathrm{lbm} \cdot \mathrm{R}, k=2 \mathrm{Btu} / \mathrm{h} \cdot \mathrm{ft} \cdot \mathrm{R}, \mu=0.3 \mathrm{lbm} / \mathrm{ft} \cdot \mathrm{s}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
Question: Calculate the Prandtl number using the following data: specific heat at constant pressure (\(c_p\)) is 0.5 Btu/lbm·R, thermal conductivity (\(k\)) is 2 Btu/h·ft·R, and dynamic viscosity (\(\mu\)) is 0.3 lbm/ft·s. Answer: The Prandtl number for the given data is approximately 276.47.

Step by step solution

01

Convert the units

First, we'll convert the given units to SI units. For \(c_p\), we'll convert Btu/lbm·R to J/kg·K (1 Btu = 1055.06 J, 1 lbm = 0.453592 kg, and (9/5) R = 1 K): $$c_{p}=0.5\frac{\mathrm{Btu}}{\mathrm{lbm}\cdot\mathrm{R}} \times \frac{1055.06\mathrm{J}}{\mathrm{Btu}} \times \frac{0.453592\mathrm{kg}}{\mathrm{lbm}} \times \frac{9}{5}$$ For \(k\), we'll convert Btu/h·ft·R to W/m·K (1 Btu/h·ft·R = 1.73073 W/m·K and (9/5) R = 1 K): $$k=2\frac{\mathrm{Btu}}{\mathrm{h}\cdot\mathrm{ft}\cdot\mathrm{R}} \times \frac{1.73073\mathrm{W}}{\mathrm{m}\cdot\mathrm{K}}$$ For \(\mu\), we'll convert lbm/ft·s to kg/m·s (1 lbm = 0.453592 kg, and 1 ft = 0.3048 m): $$\mu=0.3\frac{\mathrm{lbm}}{\mathrm{ft}\cdot\mathrm{s}} \times \frac{0.453592\mathrm{kg}}{\mathrm{lbm}} \times \frac{1}{0.3048\mathrm{m}}$$
02

Calculate the values in SI units

Now we'll calculate the values of \(c_p\), \(k\), and \(\mu\) in SI units: $$c_p = 0.5 \times 1055.06 \times 0.453592 \times \frac{9}{5} = 2140.52\, \mathrm{J/kg\cdot K}$$ $$k = 2 \times 1.73073 = 3.46146\, \mathrm{W/m\cdot K}$$ $$\mu = 0.3 \times 0.453592 \times \frac{1}{0.3048} = 0.4476\, \mathrm{kg/m\cdot s}$$
03

Calculate the Prandtl number

Using the formula, we can now calculate the Prandtl number: $$Pr = \frac{c_p \cdot \mu}{k} = \frac{2140.52 \cdot 0.4476}{3.46146}$$ Calculate the value of the Prandtl number: $$Pr \approx 276.47$$ The Prandtl number for the given data is approximately 276.47.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Metal plates are being cooled with air blowing in parallel over each plate. The average friction coefficient over each plate is given as \(C_{f}=1.33\left(\operatorname{Re}_{L}{ }^{-0.5}\right.\) for \(\operatorname{Re}_{L}<5 \times 10^{5}\). Each metal plate length parallel to the air flow is \(1 \mathrm{~m}\). Determine the average convection heat transfer coefficient for the plate, if the air velocity is \(5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\). Evaluate the air properties at \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(1 \mathrm{~atm}\).

Consider a fluid flowing over a flat plate at a constant free stream velocity. The critical Reynolds number is \(5 \times 10^{5}\) and the distance from the leading edge at which the transition from laminar to turbulent flow occurs is \(x_{\mathrm{cr}}=7 \mathrm{ft}\). Determine the characteristic length \(\left(L_{c}\right)\) at which the Reynolds number is \(1 \times 10^{5}\).

Most correlations for the convection heat transfer coefficient use the dimensionless Nusselt number, which is defined as (a) \(h / k\) (b) \(k / h\) (c) \(h L_{c} / k\) (d) \(k L_{c} / h\) (e) \(k / \rho c_{p}\)

Air flowing over a flat plate at \(5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) has a friction coefficient given as \(C_{f}=0.664(V x / \nu)^{-0.5}\), where \(x\) is the location along the plate. Using EES (or other) software, determine the effect of the location along the plate \((x)\) on the wall shear stress \(\left(\tau_{w}\right)\). By varying \(x\) from \(0.01\) to \(1 \mathrm{~m}\), plot the wall shear stress as a function of \(x\). Evaluate the air properties at \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(1 \mathrm{~atm}\).

A 5 -mm-thick stainless steel strip \((k=21 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m} \cdot \mathrm{K}, \rho=\) \(8000 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}\), and \(\left.c_{p}=570 \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{K}\right)\) is being heat treated as it moves through a furnace at a speed of \(1 \mathrm{~cm} / \mathrm{s}\). The air temperature in the furnace is maintained at \(900^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) with a convection heat transfer coefficient of \(80 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}^{2} \cdot \mathrm{K}\). If the furnace length is \(3 \mathrm{~m}\) and the stainless steel strip enters it at \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), determine the surface temperature gradient of the strip at mid-length of the furnace. Hint: Use the lumped system analysis to calculate the plate surface temperature. Make sure to verify the application of this method to this problem.

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