Solar-powered spotlights have batteries that are charged by solar cells during the day and then operate lights at night. Describe the energy conversions in this entire process, starting with the Sun's nuclear energy and ending with the light from the spotlight being absorbed by the surroundings. Name all of the forms of energy that are involved.

Question: Describe the energy conversions that occur in the process of charging a solar-powered spotlight and using it at night, starting from the Sun's nuclear energy. Answer: The energy conversions in this process are as follows: 1. Nuclear energy from the Sun is emitted as electromagnetic radiation (light). 2. Sunlight is converted into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect in solar cells. 3. Electrical energy is converted into chemical energy and stored in the battery during charging. 4. Chemical energy is converted back into electrical energy as the battery discharges at night. 5. Electrical energy is converted into light energy when powering the spotlight. 6. Light energy is absorbed by the environment and converted into thermal energy (heat).