Dompare the primary and secondary rainbows as regards their angular size, color ordering, and number of internal reflections that occur in the rain droplets.

Primary rainbow, also known as the first-order rainbow, occurs when light undergoes one internal reflection inside the raindrop and then exits. The secondary rainbow, also known as the second-order rainbow, occurs when light undergoes two internal reflections inside the raindrop before exiting. Now, let's compare their properties.

The angular size of a rainbow refers to the angle formed between the center of the circle created by the rainbow and the observer's eyes. - In a primary rainbow, the angular size is around 42°. The rays of light entering the raindrop are refracted (bent), reflecting once inside the drop and then refracted again when exiting it. Since this process has a minimum deviation angle, the rainbow has a well-defined angular size from the viewer's perspective. - The secondary rainbow has a larger angular size, around 51°. This is due to the additional internal reflection that the light undergoes before exiting the raindrop, which increases the dispersion of light and thus the size of the rainbow.

The order of colors in a rainbow is determined by the dispersion of light as it passes through the raindrops. - In a primary rainbow, the order of colors from the outer edge to the inner edge is red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet (ROYGBIV). This is because the shorter wavelengths (violet) are refracted more than the larger wavelengths (red), causing the colors to spread out and form a spectrum. - In a secondary rainbow, the order of colors is reversed, with red on the inner edge and violet on the outer edge. This reversal is due to the additional internal reflection that the light undergoes in the raindrop, causing the colors to be arranged in the opposite sequence compared to the primary rainbow.

The number of internal reflections inside the rain droplets differentiates primary and secondary rainbows. - A primary rainbow is created by a single internal reflection of light, which further gets refracted upon exiting the raindrop. This single internal reflection is a crucial factor in determining the angular size and color order of the primary rainbow. - A secondary rainbow involves two internal reflections of light before it exits the raindrop. The double reflection contributes to its larger angular size and reversed color order compared to the primary rainbow. In conclusion, primary and secondary rainbows differ in their angular size, color ordering, and the number of internal reflections that occur inside the rain droplets. Primary rainbows have a smaller angular size of about 42° with the typical ROYGBIV color order, and one internal reflection, while secondary rainbows have a larger angular size of about 51°, reversed color order, and two internal reflections.