Solve Equation 3.67 for Ψ(x) . Note that <x>and<p> are constants.

Short Answer

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Equation 3.67 for ΨxisAe-ax-x2l2heipxlh

Step by step solution

01

The Uncertainty principle.

The uncertainty principle also called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, or indeterminacy principle says that the position and the velocity of an object cannot be measured precisely, at the same time, even in theory.

For the position-momentum uncertainty principle becomes:

(hiddx-p)Ψ=ia(x-x)Ψ.

02

Solve equation 3.67 for  Ψ.

Solve equation 3.67 for Ψ, which is given by:

(hiddx-<p>)Ψ=ia(x-<x>)Ψ.

Now write the equation as:

dx=ihiax-iax+pΨ=ah-x+x+iapΨ

The above equation can be written as,

Ψah-x+x+ipadx

Integrate both sides to get:

lnΨ=-22hx-x2+ipxh+lnA

Exponentiation both sidesthe result is,

Ae-ax-x2l2heipxlh

In any stationary state P=0, so any system in which there is a stationary state that has a gaussian wave function will have minimum position-momentum uncertainty.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The Hermitian conjugate (or adjoint) of an operator Q^is the operatorQ^such that

fQ^g=Q^fg (forallfandg).

(A Hermitian operator, then, is equal to its Hermitian conjugate:Q^=Q^)

(a)Find the Hermitian conjugates of x, i, andd/dx.

(b) Construct the Hermitian conjugate of the harmonic oscillator raising operator,a+(Equation 2.47).

(c) Show that(Q^R^)=R^Q^.

The Hamiltonian for a certain three-level system is represented by the matrix

H=hω[100020002] Two other observables, A and B, are represented by the matrices A=λ[010100002],B=μ[200001010],where ω, , and μ are positive real numbers.

(a)Find the Eigen values and (normalized) eigenvectors of H, A and B.

(b) Suppose the system starts out in the generic staterole="math" localid="1656040462996" |S(0)>=(c1c2c3)

with |c1|2+|c2|2+|c3|2=1. Find the expectation values (at t=0) of H, A, and B.

(c) What is |S(t)>? If you measured the energy of this state (at time t), what values might you get, and what is the probability of each? Answer the same questions for A and for B.

Apply Equation 3.71 to the following special cases: (a)Q=1; (b)Q=H; (c)Q=x; (d)Q=p. In each case, comment on the result, with particular reference to Equations 1.27,1.33,1.38, and conservation of energy (comments following Equation 2.39).

Show that the energy-time uncertainty principle reduces to the "your name" uncertainty principle (Problem 3.14), when the observable in question is x.

Show that if hQ^h=Q^hhfor all functionsh(in Hilbert space), thenfQ^g=Q^fgfor allrole="math" localid="1655395250670" fandg(i.e., the two definitions of "Hermitian" -Equations 3.16 and 3.17- are equivalent).

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