Show that E must be exceed the minimum value of V(x) ,for every normalizable solution to the time independent Schrodinger equation what is classical analog to this statement?

d2Ψdx2=2mh2[V(x)E]Ψ;

IfE<Vmin thenΨ and its second derivative always have the same sign. Is it normalized?

Short Answer

Expert verified

If E<Vmin, then the wave function will diverge from zero as x goes to ±, and therefore the wave function is not normalized, so to get a normalized wave function E>Vmin must be true.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1: Definition of Schrodinger equation 

A differential equation that describes matter in quantum mechanics in terms of the wave-like properties of particles in a field.

Its answer is related to a particle's probability density in space and time.

02

Identification of the equation is normalized or not

Write equation (2.5).

d2ψdx2=2m2[V(x)E]ψ

If the energy E was less than the minimum value of V(x), then [VminE]>0, which is mean that the time-independent wave-function ψ and its second derivative will have the same sign everywhere, and therefore ψwill diverge from zero as x±, which is mean ψ is not normalized;

So that E must be greater than Vmin to have a normalized value of ψ.

The classical analog for this is the total energy of some particle (i.e., kinetic energy plus potential energy) where it must be greater than the minimum value of the potential energy just like the energyEand the potential energyV(x)in quantum mechanics

Thus, when E<Vmin, then the wave function will diverge from zero as x goes to ±, and therefore the wave function is not normalized, so to get a normalized wave function E>Vmin must be true.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Show that there is no acceptable solution to the Schrodinger equation for the infinite square well with E=0orE<0(This is a special case of the general theorem in Problem 2.2, but this time do it by explicitly solving the Schrodinger equation, and showing that you cannot meet the boundary conditions.)

The transfer matrix. The S- matrix (Problem 2.52) tells you the outgoing amplitudes (B and F)in terms of the incoming amplitudes (A and G) -Equation 2.175For some purposes it is more convenient to work with the transfer matrix, M, which gives you the amplitudes to the right of the potential (F and G)in terms of those to the left (A and b):

(FG)=(M11M12M21M22)(AB)[2.178]

(a) Find the four elements of the M-matrix, in terms of the elements of theS-matrix, and vice versa. ExpressRI,TI,RrandTr(Equations 2.176and 2.177) in terms of elements of the M-matrix.,

(b) Suppose you have a potential consisting of two isolated pieces (Figure 2.23 ). Show that the M-matrix for the combination is the product of the twoM-matrices for each section separately: M=M2M1[2.179]

(This obviously generalizes to any number of pieces, and accounts for the usefulness of the M-matrix.)

FIGURE : A potential consisting of two isolated pieces (Problem 2.53 ).

(c) Construct the -matrix for scattering from a single delta-function potential at point V(x)=-αδ(x-a) :

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A particle of mass m is in the potential

V(x)={,(x<0)-32h2ma2,(0xa)0,(x>a)

How many bound states are there?

In the highest-energy bound state, what is the probability that the particle would be found outside the well (x>a)? Answer: 0.542, so even though it is “bound” by the well, it is more likely to be found outside than inside!

For the wave function in Example 2.2, find the expectation value of H, at time t=0 ,the “old fashioned way:

H=Ψ(x,0)H^Ψ(x,0)dx.

Compare the result obtained in Example 2.3. Note: BecauseH is independent of time, there is no loss of generality in usingt=0

Find x,p,x2,p2,T, for the nth stationary state of the harmonic oscillator, using the method of Example 2.5. Check that the uncertainty principle is satisfied.

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