Chapter 15: Problem 23

Compute the weight percent sulfur that must be added to completely crosslink an alternating acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, assuming that four sulfur atoms participate in each crosslink.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer: Approximately 54.55% by weight of sulfur is required to completely crosslink the alternating acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer.

Step by step solution

Find the molar mass of the copolymer units.

To calculate the weight percent of sulfur, we need to determine the molar mass of the repeating units in the copolymer, which are acrylonitrile and butadiene. The molar mass of acrylonitrile (C3H3N) is: M_acrylonitrile = 3*(12.01) + 3*(1.01) + 14.01 = 53.06 g/mol The molar mass of butadiene (C4H6) is: M_butadiene = 4*(12.01) + 6*(1.01) = 54.10 g/mol Since they alternate, the mass of each repeat unit (acrylonitrile-butadiene) of the copolymer is the sum of both: M_copolymer_unit = M_acrylonitrile + M_butadiene = 53.06 + 54.10 = 107.16 g/mol

Find the molar mass of sulfur.

To calculate the weight percent of sulfur, we need to determine the molar mass of sulfur. Since four sulfur atoms are involved in each crosslink, we need to find the mass of four sulfur atoms as well. M_sulfur_atom = 32.06 g/mol M_4sulfur_atoms = 4 * M_sulfur_atom = 128.24 g/mol

Determine the ratio of sulfur to copolymer units.

Now, we will calculate the ratio of sulfur to the acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer units. For a completely crosslinked copolymer, we assume 1 crosslink per copolymer repeat unit (alternating acrylonitrile-butadiene). Ratio = M_4sulfur_atoms / M_copolymer_unit = 128.24 / 107.16

Calculate the weight percent sulfur.

To find the weight percent of sulfur necessary for complete crosslinking, we need to use the ratio of sulfur to copolymer units and the following formula: Weight_percent_sulfur = (M_4sulfur_atoms * Ratio) / (M_copolymer_unit + M_4sulfur_atoms * Ratio) * 100 Weight_percent_sulfur = (128.24 * (128.24/107.16)) / (107.16 + 128.24 * (128.24/107.16)) * 100 Weight_percent_sulfur ≈ 54.55% Therefore, to completely crosslink the alternating acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, approximately 54.55% by weight of sulfur needs to be added.

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Compute the weight percent sulfur that must be added to completely crosslink an alternating acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, assuming that four sulfur atoms participate in each crosslink.

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Find the molar mass of the copolymer units.

Find the molar mass of sulfur.

Determine the ratio of sulfur to copolymer units.

Calculate the weight percent sulfur.

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