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Chapter 15: Problem 40

Cite four factors that determine what fabrication technique is used to form polymeric materials

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The four factors that influence the choice of fabrication technique for forming a given polymeric material are: 1) Material properties, 2) Product geometry and complexity, 3) Production volume, and 4) Cost and efficiency.

Step by step solution

01

Factor 1: Material Properties

The physical and chemical properties of the polymeric material must be considered, as not all fabrication techniques are suitable for every type of polymer. Properties like rigidity, flexibility, viscosity, melting point, and chemical composition will influence the choice of the fabrication technique.
02

Factor 2: Product Geometry and Complexity

The desired geometry, size, and complexity of the final product play a significant role in deciding the fabrication technique. Some techniques, such as injection molding, are ideal for complex shapes, while others like extrusion and compression molding are more suited for simpler geometries.
03

Factor 3: Production Volume

The number of products to be manufactured also influences the choice of fabrication technique. High production volumes may warrant the use of continuous processes, like extrusion, while smaller production runs may be better suited for batch processes like compression molding.
04

Factor 4: Cost and Efficiency

Finally, the cost and efficiency of the fabrication process must be considered, as different methods have varying labor and material costs. Companies often choose the most cost-effective method that balances speed, efficiency, and quality while still meeting the desired product specifications.

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For each of the following pairs of polymers do the following: (1) state whether or not it is possible to determine whether one polymer has a higher melting temperature than the other; (2) if it is possible, note which has the higher melting temperature and then cite reason(s) for your choice; and (3) if it is not possible to decide, then state why. (a) Branched polyethylene having a numberaverage molecular weight of \(850,000 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mol}\); linear polyethylene having a number-average molecular weight of \(850,000 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mol}\) (b) Polytetrafluoroethylene having a density of \(2.14 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\) and a weight-average molecular weight of \(600,000 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mol}\); PTFE having a density of \(2.20 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\) and a weight-average molecular weight of \(600,000 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mol}\) (c) Linear and syndiotactic poly(vinyl chloride ) having a number-average molecular weight of \(500,000 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mol} ;\) linear polyethylene having a number-average molecular weight of \(225,000 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mol}\) (d) Linear and syndiotactic polypropylene having a weight-average molecular weight of 500,000 g/mol; linear and atactic polypropylene having a weight- average molecular weight of \(750,000 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mol}\)
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