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Chapter 20: Problem 32

Cite the primary limitation of the new superconducting materials that have relatively high critical temperatures.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The primary limitation of new superconducting materials with relatively high critical temperatures is the cooling requirements needed to maintain them below their critical temperatures. Despite having higher critical temperatures than conventional superconductors, they still require sophisticated and costly cooling systems to maintain their superconducting properties.

Step by step solution

01

Define Superconductivity

Superconductivity is a phenomenon where a material exhibits zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields when cooled down below a certain temperature, known as the critical temperature. For a superconducting material to function effectively, it must be maintained below its critical temperature.
02

Understand High Critical Temperature Superconductors

The new superconducting materials with relatively high critical temperatures are a class of materials known as high-temperature superconductors (HTS). These materials possess much higher critical temperatures than conventional superconductors, allowing them to perform better in certain applications, such as power transmission and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
03

Identify the Primary Limitation

Despite their attractive properties, high critical temperature superconductors have a significant limitation: their need for cooling. Although their critical temperatures are higher than those of traditional superconductors, they still need to be cooled down to very low temperatures (often below the boiling point of liquid nitrogen: -196°C) to exhibit the superconductivity phenomenon. Maintaining such low temperatures requires specialized cooling systems and increases both the complexity and cost of their applications.
04

Conclusion

In conclusion, the primary limitation of the new superconducting materials with relatively high critical temperatures is the cooling requirements needed to maintain them below their critical temperatures. Even though these materials exhibit superconductivity at higher temperatures than conventional superconductors, they still require sophisticated and costly cooling systems to maintain their superconducting properties.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Compute (a) the saturation magnetization and (b) the saturation flux density for iron, which has a net magnetic moment per atom of 2.2 Bohr magnetons and a density of \(7.87 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\).

(a) Explain the two sources of magnetic moments for electrons. (b) Do all electrons have a net magnetic moment? Why or why not? (c) Do all atoms have a net magnetic moment? Why or why not?

Cite the differences between hard and soft magnetic materials in terms of both hysteresis behavior and typical applications.

The magnetization within a bar of some metal alloy is \(1.2 \times 10^{6} \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{m}\) at an \(\mathrm{H}\) field of \(200 \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{m} .\) Compute the following: (a) the magnetic susceptibility, (b) the permeability, and (c) the magnetic flux density within this material. (d) What type(s) of magnetism would you suggest as being displayed by this material? Why?

A ferromagnetic material has a remanence of 1.0 tesla and a coercivity of \(15,000 \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{m}\) Saturation is achieved at a magnetic field strength of \(25,000 \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{m},\) at which the flux density is 1.25 teslas. Using these data, sketch the entire hysteresis curve in the range \(H=-25,000\) to \(+25,000 \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{m} .\) Be sure to scale and label both coordinate axes.
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