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Chapter 7: Problem 33

Briefly cite the differences between recovery and recrystallization processes.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The main differences between recovery and recrystallization processes are: 1. Recovery occurs during continued deformation or cold working, while recrystallization is invoked by heating the material below its melting point after deformation. 2. Recovery reduces the density of dislocations and internal stresses but does not significantly change the grain structure or size, while recrystallization forms new, strain-free grains with improved mechanical properties and different grain sizes. 3. Recovery is a less extensive process compared to recrystallization, and generally does not result in the same level of improvement in mechanical properties. 4. Recrystallization requires providing additional heat energy to enable grain boundary movement and nucleation of new grains, while recovery typically occurs at lower temperatures or as a result of mechanical processes.

Step by step solution

01

Recovery Process

Recovery is a process in which the physical and mechanical properties of a material, such as strength, hardness, and ductility, are returned to their original levels after the material has been worked or deformed (e.g., through cold working). This process is characterized by a decrease in the density of dislocations within the material and the reduction of internal stresses. The atoms in the material move, rearrange, and bind together in response to applied stress, resulting in a reduction of defects without a significant change in the overall grain structure or size.
02

Recrystallization Process

Recrystallization is a process in which new, strain-free grains nucleate and grow in a deformed material, replacing the old, deformed grains. This occurs when a material, typically a metal or alloy, is heated to a temperature below its melting point, resulting in a microstructural change. The new grains will have reduced defects, dislocations, and internal stresses compared to the parent material, and will generally exhibit improved mechanical properties and a change in grain size. In contrast to recovery, recrystallization results in a significant transformation of the material's grain structure.
03

Key Differences

1. Recovery occurs during continued deformation or cold working, while recrystallization is invoked by heating the material below its melting point after deformation. 2. Recovery reduces the density of dislocations and internal stresses but does not significantly change the grain structure or size, while recrystallization forms new, strain-free grains with improved mechanical properties and different grain sizes. 3. Recovery is a less extensive process compared to recrystallization, and generally does not result in the same level of improvement in mechanical properties. 4. Recrystallization requires providing additional heat energy to enable grain boundary movement and nucleation of new grains, while recovery typically occurs at lower temperatures or as a result of mechanical processes.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The critical resolved shear stress for iron is 27 MPa (4000 psi). Determine the maximum possible yield strength for a single crystal of Fe pulled in tension.

The lower yield point for an iron that has an average grain diameter of \(5 \times 10^{-2} \mathrm{~mm}\) is 135 MPa (19,500 psi). At a grain diameter of \(8 \times\) \(10^{-3} \mathrm{~mm}\), the yield point increases to \(260 \mathrm{MPa}\) \((37,500 \mathrm{psi})\). At what grain diameter will the lower yield point be \(205 \mathrm{MPa}(30,000 \mathrm{psi})\) ?

To provide some perspective on the dimensions of atomic defects, consider a metal specimen that has a dislocation density of \(10^{4} \mathrm{mm}^{-2}\). Suppose that all the dislocations in \(1000 \mathrm{~mm}^{3}\left(1 \mathrm{~cm}^{3}\right)\) were somehow removed and linked end to end. How far (in miles) would this chain extend? Now suppose that the density is increased to \(10^{10} \mathrm{~mm}^{-2}\) by cold working. What would be the chain length of dislocations in \(1000 \mathrm{~mm}^{3}\) of material?

(a) Show, for a tensile test, that $$ \% \mathrm{CW}=\left(\frac{\epsilon}{\epsilon+1}\right) \times 100 $$ if there is no change in specimen volume during the deformation process (i.e., \(A_{0} l_{0}=A_{d} l_{d}\) ). (b) Using the result of part (a), compute the percent cold work experienced by naval brass (the stress-strain behavior of which is shown in Figure 6.12) when a stress of 400 MPa \((58,000\) psi) is applied.

(a) What is the driving force for recrystallization? (b) For grain growth?
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