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Chapter 11: Problem 18

Describe one problem that might exist with a steel weld that was cooled very rapidly.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: One problem that might arise as a result of rapid cooling of a steel weld is increased brittleness. This occurs because the rapid transformation from the austenitic phase to the martensitic phase traps carbon atoms within the martensite lattice, leading to a harder and more brittle weld.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the properties of steel welds and rapid cooling

To approach this problem, it's important to know that rapid cooling can affect the properties and structure of a steel weld. The cooling rate influences the weld's microstructure, which in turn affects properties such as hardness, brittleness, and ductility.
02

Identify a potential problem due to rapid cooling

One problem that might occur as a result of rapid cooling of a steel weld is increased hardening, leading to brittleness. This happens when the steel weld transitions from the high temperature or "austenitic" phase to a lower temperature or "martensitic" phase too quickly.
03

Describe why the rapid cooling can lead to brittleness

The increased brittleness can be attributed to the rapid transformation from austenite to martensite. The quick transformation doesn't allow carbon atoms enough time to diffuse out of the austenite phase, causing them to get trapped within the martensite lattice. The increased carbon content in the martensite phase causes the steel weld to become harder and more brittle.
04

Conclusion

In conclusion, one problem that might exist with a steel weld that was cooled very rapidly is increased brittleness caused by the rapid transformation from the austenitic phase to the martensitic phase, trapping carbon atoms within the martensite lattice, leading to a harder and more brittle weld.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In your own words, describe the following heat-treatment procedures for steels and, for each, the intended final microstructure: (a) full annealing (b) normalizing (c) quenching (d) tempering.

What is the purpose of a spheroidizing heat treatment? On what classes of alloys is it nor- mally used?

Compare precipitation hardening (Section 11.9) and the hardening of steel by quenching and tempering (Sections 10.5, 10.6, and 10.8) with regard to the following: (a) The total heat treatment procedure (b) The microstructures that develop (c) How the mechanical properties change dur- ing the several heat treatment stages

What influence does the presence of alloying elements (other than carbon) have on the shape of a hardenability curve? Briefly explain this effect.

Compare sand, die, investment, lost-foam, and continuous-casting techniques.
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