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Chapter 2: Problem 27

What type(s) of bonding would be expected for each of the following materials: solid xenon, calcium fluoride \(\left(\mathrm{CaF}_{2}\right)\), bronze, cadmium telluride (CdTe), rubber, and tungsten?

Short Answer

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Question: Identify the types of bonding present in the following materials: solid xenon, calcium fluoride (CaF₂), bronze, cadmium telluride (CdTe), rubber, and tungsten. Answer: The types of bonding present in the given materials are: Van der Waals bonding in solid xenon, ionic bonding in calcium fluoride (CaF₂), metallic bonding in bronze, ionic bonding in cadmium telluride (CdTe), covalent bonding in rubber, and metallic bonding in tungsten.

Step by step solution

01

1. Identify the type of bonding in solid xenon

Xenon is a noble gas, and it forms weak Van der Waals attractions in its solid state. Therefore, the type of bonding in solid xenon is Van der Waals bonding.
02

2. Identify the type of bonding in calcium fluoride (CaF₂)

Calcium fluoride (CaF₂) is a compound composed of a metal (calcium) and a non-metal (fluorine). The bonding that occurs between a metal and a non-metal is typically ionic. Therefore, the type of bonding in calcium fluoride is ionic bonding.
03

3. Identify the type of bonding in bronze

Bronze is an alloy made mostly of copper (Cu) and tin (Sn), both of which are metals. Thus, the type of bonding in bronze is metallic bonding.
04

4. Identify the type of bonding in cadmium telluride (CdTe)

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) is a compound composed of a metal (cadmium) and a non-metal (tellurium). The bonding that occurs between a metal and a non-metal is typically ionic. Therefore, the type of bonding in cadmium telluride is ionic bonding.
05

5. Identify the type of bonding in rubber

Rubber is an organic polymer largely made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms. It consists of long chains of covalent molecules. Thus, the type of bonding in rubber is covalent bonding.
06

6. Identify the type of bonding in tungsten

Tungsten is a metal, so the type of bonding within its solid lattice is metallic bonding.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The atomic radii of \(\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}\) and \(\mathrm{F}^{-}\)ions are \(0.072\) and \(0.133 \mathrm{~nm}\), respectively. (a) Calculate the force of attraction between these two ions at their equilibrium interionic separation (i.e., when the ions just touch one another). (b) What is the force of repulsion at this same separation distance?

For an \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}-\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\)ion pair, attractive and repulsive energies \(E_{A}\) and \(E_{R}\), respectively, depend on the distance between the ions \(r\), according to $$ \begin{aligned} &E_{A}=-\frac{1.436}{r} \\ &E_{R}=\frac{7.32 \times 10^{-6}}{r^{8}} \end{aligned} $$ For these expressions, energies are expressed in electron volts per \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}-\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\)pair, and \(r\) is the distance in nanometers. The net energy \(E_{N}\) is just the sum of the preceding two expressions. (a) Superimpose on a single plot \(E_{N}, E_{R}\), and \(E_{A}\) versus \(r\) up to \(1.0 \mathrm{~nm}\). (b) On the basis of this plot, determine (i) the equilibrium spacing \(r_{0}\) between the \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}\)and \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\) ions, and (ii) the magnitude of the bonding energy \(E_{0}\) between the two ions. (c) Mathematically determine the \(r_{0}\) and \(E_{0}\) values using the solutions to Problem 2.18, and compare these with the graphical results from part (b).

With regard to electron configuration, what do all the elements in Group IIA of the periodic table have in common?

To what group in the periodic table would an element with atomic number 112 belong?

Compute \%IC of the interatomic bond for each of the following compounds: \(\mathrm{MgO}, \mathrm{GaP}, \mathrm{CsF}\), \(\mathrm{CdS}\), and \(\mathrm{FeO}\).
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