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Chapter 6: Problem 34

Briefly cite the differences between the recovery and recrystallization processes.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The main differences between recovery and recrystallization processes in materials are: 1. Temperature: Recovery occurs at low temperatures, while recrystallization requires higher temperatures, typically above half the melting temperature in kelvin. 2. Effect on Dislocation Density: Recovery reduces the dislocation density, whereas recrystallization replaces the deformed structure with new, strain-free grains. 3. Mechanical Properties: Recovery results in a slight reduction in hardness and strength, while recrystallization leads to significant reductions in these properties and an improvement in ductility and other mechanical properties. 4. Nucleation and Growth: Recovery involves stress release and rearrangement of existing dislocations, while recrystallization involves nucleation and growth of new, strain-free grains within the material.

Step by step solution

01

Define Recovery Process

Recovery is a process that occurs in materials, especially metals, after they have experienced plastic deformation (stretching or compressing). During recovery, the material attempts to release the internal stress caused by the plastic deformation and return to a more stable state. This process is characterized by a reduction in the number of dislocation (linear defects in the material), rearrangement of the existing dislocations, and the annihilation of some dislocations. Recovery is a low-temperature or annealing process that results in improved electrical and thermal conductivity, as well as a slight reduction in the material's hardness and strength.
02

Define Recrystallization Process

Recrystallization is another process that happens after a material undergoes plastic deformation. When the temperature is raised high enough, usually above half the melting temperature in kelvin, new and strain-free grains start to nucleate and grow within the material, replacing the original, highly deformed structure. The process results in a significant reduction in the material's hardness and strength, while the ductility and other mechanical properties are improved.
03

Cite the Main Differences

1. Temperature: Recovery is a low-temperature or annealing process, while recrystallization requires a higher temperature, typically above half the melting temperature in kelvin. 2. Effect on Dislocation Density: Recovery reduces the dislocation density in the material, whereas recrystallization replaces the deformed structure with new, strain-free grains. 3. Mechanical Properties: Recovery results in a slight reduction in hardness and strength of the material, while recrystallization leads to significant reductions in these properties, alongside an improvement in ductility and other mechanical properties. 4. Nucleation and Growth: Recovery is characterized by stress release and the rearrangement of existing dislocations, while recrystallization involves the nucleation and growth of new, strain-free grains within the material.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

List four major differences between deformation by twinning and deformation by slip relative to mechanism, conditions of occurrence, and final result.

A cylindrical specimen of a nickel alloy having an elastic modulus of 207 GPa \(\left(30 \times 10^{6}\right.\) psi) and an original diameter of \(10.2 \mathrm{~mm}(0.40 \mathrm{in}\).) experiences only elastic deformation when a tensile load of \(8900 \mathrm{~N}\left(2000 \mathrm{lb}_{\mathrm{f}}\right)\) is applied. Compute the maximum length of the specimen before deformation if the maximum allowable elongation is \(0.25 \mathrm{~mm}\) \((0.010 \mathrm{in} .)\)

An undeformed specimen of some alloy has an average grain diameter of \(0.050 \mathrm{~mm}\). You are asked to reduce its average grain diameter to \(0.020 \mathrm{~mm}\). Is this possible? If so, explain the procedures you would use and name the processes involved. If it is not possible, explain why.

An aluminum bar \(125 \mathrm{~mm}\) (5.0 in.) long and having a square cross section \(16.5 \mathrm{~mm}(0.65 \mathrm{in}\).) on an edge is pulled in tension with a load of 66,700 \(\mathrm{N}\left(15,000 \mathrm{lb}_{\mathrm{f}}\right)\) and experiences an elongation of \(0.43 \mathrm{~mm}\left(1.7 \times 10^{-2}\right.\) in.). Assuming that the deformation is entirely elastic, calculate the modulus of elasticity of the aluminum.

A cylindrical rod of steel \(\left(E=207 \mathrm{GPa}, 30 \times 10^{6}\right.\) psi) having a yield strength of \(310 \mathrm{MPa}(45,000\) psi) is to be subjected to a load of \(11,100 \mathrm{~N}\) (2500 lb_{f } ). If the length of the rod is \(500 \mathrm{~mm}\) (20.0 in.), what must be the diameter to allow an elongation of \(0.38 \mathrm{~mm}(0.015 \mathrm{in} .)\) ?
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