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Chapter 14: Q17Q (page 579)

Criticize the following statement: “When you rub your finger along the slick side of a U tape, the excess charges flow onto your finger, and this discharges the tape.” Draw diagrams illustrating a more plausible explanation.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The given statement is not correct.

Step by step solution

01

Neutrality of the atom

If the number of positive chargesin an atom is equal to the number of negative charges that exist in the same atom, then the atom is said to be electrically neutral.

The mobile charges are present on human skin that are positive in nature, and the U tape is negatively charged.

02

Determine whether the given statement is right or wrong

When you rub the finger along the slick side of U tape, the positive ions from your skin will be attracted to the negatively charged U tape, and this positive ion will be deposited on the slick surface of the U tape. Therefore, the U tape will become neutral. Therefore, the excess charge does not flow onto your finger.

Hence the given statement is wrong.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

: A thin, hollow spherical plastic shell of radius \({\bf{R}}\)carries a uniformly distributed negative charge \({\bf{ - Q}}\). A slice through the plastic shell is shown in Figure 14.95. To the left of the spherical shell are four charges packed closely together as shown (the distance \({\bf{s}}\) is shown greatly enlarged for clarity). The distance from the center of the four charges to the center of the plastic shell is \({\bf{L}}\) , which is much larger than \({\bf{s}}\left( {{\bf{L}} \gg {\bf{s}}} \right)\). Remember that a uniformly charged sphere makes an electric field as though all the charge were concentrated at the center of the sphere.

(a)Calculate the \({\bf{x}}\) and \({\bf{y}}\) components of the electric field at location B, a distance \({\bf{b}}\) to the right of the outer surface of the plastic shell. Explain briefly, including showing the electric field on a diagram. Your results should not contain any symbols other than the given quantities \({\bf{R,Q,q,s,L}}\), and \({\bf{b}}\)(and fundamental constants). You need not simplify the final algebraic results except for taking into account the fact that \({\bf{L}} \gg {\bf{s}}\).

(b)What simplifying assumption did you have to make in part (a)?

(c)The plastic shell is removed and replaced by an uncharged metal ball, as in Figure 14.96. At location Ainside the metal ball, a distance \({\bf{b}}\)to the left of the outer surface of the ball, accurately draw and label the electric field\({{\bf{\vec E}}_{{\bf{ball}}}}\) due to the ball charges and the electric field \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{4}}}\) of the four charges. Explain briefly.

(d)Show the distribution of ball charges.

(e)Calculate the \({\bf{x}}\) and \({\bf{y}}\) components of the net electric field at location A.

Try rubbing a plastic pen through your hair, and you’ll find that you can pick up a tiny scrap of paper when the pen is about one centimeter above the paper. From this simple experiment you can estimate how much an atom in the paper is polarized by the pen! You will need to make several assumptions and approximations. Hints may be found at the end of the chapter. (a) Suppose that the center of the outer electron cloud (q=-4e) of a carbon atom shifts a distance s when the atom is polarized by the pen. Calculate s algebraically in terms of the charge Q on the pen. (b) Assume that the pen carries about as much charge Q as we typically find on a piece of charged invisible tape. Evaluate s numerically. How does this compare with the size of an atom or a nucleus? (c) Calculate the polarizability αof a carbon atom. Compare your answer to the measured value of 1.96×10-40C.m/(N/C)(T. M. Miller and B. Bederson, “Atomic and molecular polarizabilities: a review of recent advances,” Advances in Atomic and Molecular Physics, 13, 1–55, 1977).(d) Carefully list all assumptions and approximations.

A solid plastic ball has negative charge uniformly spread over its surface. Which of the diagrams in Figure 14.85 best shows the polarization of molecules inside the ball?

Which of the following are true? Select all that apply. (1) In equilibrium, there is no net flow of mobile charged particles inside a conductor. (2) The electric field from an external charge cannot penetrate to the center of a block of iron. (3) The net electric field inside a block of aluminum is zero under all circumstances. (4) If the net electric field at a particular location inside a piece of metal is not zero, the metal is not in equilibrium. (5) The net electric field at any location inside a block of copper is zero if the copper block is in equilibrium.

Carbon tetrachloride CCl4is a liquid whose molecules are symmetrical and so are not permanent dipoles, unlike water molecules. Explain briefly how the effect of an external charge on a beaker of water H2Odiffers from its effect on a beaker of CCl4. (Hint: Consider the behavior of the permanent dipole you made out of U and L tapes.)
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