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Chapter 14: Q22Q (page 580)

You have three metal blocks marked A, B, and C, sitting on insulating stands. Block A is charged, but blocks B and C are neutral (Figure 14.76).

Without using any additional equipment and without altering the amount of charge on block A, explain how you could make block B be chargedand block C be charged. Explain your procedure in detail, including diagrams of the charge distributions at each step in the process.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Block A goes to block C and it also polarizes block C. The electrons orient towards block A and also the positive charges which go towards block B.

The electrons from block B jump to block C which eventually creates an electron deficit inside block B. Block remains positively charged and makes block C negatively charged.

Step by step solution

01

Identification of the given data

The given data can be listed below as:

  • The charge of the block A is positive.
  • The charge of the block B is neutral.
  • The charge of the block C is neutral.
02

Significance of the polarization

The polarization happens when the electric fields distort the electric cloud that is negative around the positive atoms of nucleons in the opposite direction of that field.

03

Explanation of the procedures

The diagrams to explain the procedures in detail has been drawn in three steps:

As block C and B were neutral in step 1, then block A goes to block C and it also polarizes block C in step 2. Hence, the electrons orient toward block A and also the positive charges go towards block B. Hence, these charges create the same effect in block B.

The electrons from block B jump to block C which eventually creates an electron deficit inside block B. Hence, block B remains positively charged and makes block C negatively charged.

Thus, block A goes to block C and it also polarizes block C. The electrons orient towards block A and also the positive charges which go towards block B.

The electrons from block B jump to block C which eventually creates an electron deficit inside block B. Block B remains positively charged and makes block C negatively charged.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A student asked, "Since the positive nucleus of the atom is hidden inside a negative electron cloud, why doesn't all matter appear to be negatively charged?" Explain to the student the flaw in this reasoning.

Metal sphere A is charged negatively and then brought near an uncharged metal sphere B (Figure 14.78). Both spheres rest on insulating supports, and the humidity is very low.

(a) Use +’s and −’s to show the approximate distribution of charges on the two spheres. (Hint: Think hard about both spheres, not just B.)

(b) A small, lightweight hollow metal ball, initially uncharged, is suspended from a string and hung between the two spheres (Figure 14.79). It is observed that the ball swings rapidly back and forth hitting one sphere and then the other. This goes on for seconds, but then the ball stops swinging and hangs between the two spheres. Explain in detail, step by step, why the ball swings back and forth and why it finally stops swinging. Your explanation must include good physics diagrams.

You rub a clear plastic pen with wool, and observe that a strip of invisible tape is attracted to the pen. Assuming that the pen has a net negative charge, which of the following could be true? Select all that apply. (1) The tape might be negatively charged. (2) The tape might be positively charged. (3) The tape might be uncharged. (4) There is not enough information to conclude anything.

A glass sphere carrying a uniformly distributed charge of +Qis surrounded by an initially neutral spherical plastic shell (Figure 15.67).

(a) Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the plastic. (b) Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the inner glass sphere. Explain briefly. (c) Is the electric field at location P outside the plastic shell larger, smaller, or the same as it would be if the plastic weren’t there? Explain briefly. (d) Now suppose that the glass sphere carrying a uniform charge of +Qis surrounded by an initially neutral metal shell (Figure 15.68). Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the metal.

e) Now be quantitative about the polarization of the metal sphere and prove your assertions. (f) Is the electric field at location P outside the metal shell larger, smaller, or the same as it would be if the metal shell weren’t there? Explain briefly.

A very thin spherical plastic shell of radius15 cm carries a uniformly distributed negative charge of −8 nC(−8×10−9 C)on its outer surface (so it makes an electric field as though all the charge were concentrated at the center of the sphere). An uncharged solid metal block is placed nearby. The block is10cm thick, and it is10cm away from the surface of the sphere. See Figure 14.97. (a) Sketch the approximate charge distribution of the neutral solid metal block.

(b) Draw the electric field vector at the center of the metal block that is due solely to the charge distribution you sketched (that is, excluding the contributions of the sphere).

(c) Calculate the magnitude of the electric field vector you drew. Explain briefly. If you must make any approximations, state what they are.
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